Characterisation of different brands of white a4 papers using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques
White A4 paper is used in our daily life to document printed and handwritten information. It is believed that through time, this paper will decompose hence indirectly contribute to the decomposition of any printed and handwritten texts stored on it. This study investigated the microscopic and spe...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Monograph |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universiti Sains Malaysia
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/62317/ http://eprints.usm.my/62317/1/NURFAHANA%20BINTI%20MOHAMAD%20FAUZI%20-%20e.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848884949766111232 |
|---|---|
| author | Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad |
| author_facet | Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad |
| author_sort | Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad |
| building | USM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | White A4 paper is used in our daily life to document printed and handwritten information.
It is believed that through time, this paper will decompose hence indirectly contribute to
the decomposition of any printed and handwritten texts stored on it. This study
investigated the microscopic and spectroscopic characteristics of a set of white A4, 70
gms papers from five (5) different brands using Quanta FEG 450 Scanning Electron
Microscopy and Bruker Tensor 27 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
equipped with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) attachment. To study the effect of
exposure to the environment, the papers were exposed at normal room condition (28°C)
for 7, 14, 28 and 60 days. Upon completion of each exposure period, the papers were
spectroscopically analysed. Two statistical tests which were Pearson’s Product Moment
Correlation (PPMC) and Paired t-test were used to assess the effect of the exposure.
PPMC showed strong positive correlation (with r > 0.99) while the Paired t-test showed
no significant different between the exposed papers with their fresh counterparts when
exposed up to 60 days. These findings indicated that the papers were unaffected, in
other words relatively stable within the studied period of exposure i.e. up to 60 days. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:14:50Z |
| format | Monograph |
| id | usm-62317 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:14:50Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | usm-623172025-06-29T07:18:33Z http://eprints.usm.my/62317/ Characterisation of different brands of white a4 papers using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RA440-440.87 Study and teaching. Research White A4 paper is used in our daily life to document printed and handwritten information. It is believed that through time, this paper will decompose hence indirectly contribute to the decomposition of any printed and handwritten texts stored on it. This study investigated the microscopic and spectroscopic characteristics of a set of white A4, 70 gms papers from five (5) different brands using Quanta FEG 450 Scanning Electron Microscopy and Bruker Tensor 27 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) equipped with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) attachment. To study the effect of exposure to the environment, the papers were exposed at normal room condition (28°C) for 7, 14, 28 and 60 days. Upon completion of each exposure period, the papers were spectroscopically analysed. Two statistical tests which were Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and Paired t-test were used to assess the effect of the exposure. PPMC showed strong positive correlation (with r > 0.99) while the Paired t-test showed no significant different between the exposed papers with their fresh counterparts when exposed up to 60 days. These findings indicated that the papers were unaffected, in other words relatively stable within the studied period of exposure i.e. up to 60 days. Universiti Sains Malaysia 2016 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/62317/1/NURFAHANA%20BINTI%20MOHAMAD%20FAUZI%20-%20e.pdf Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad (2016) Characterisation of different brands of white a4 papers using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Project Report. Universiti Sains Malaysia. (Submitted) |
| spellingShingle | R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RA440-440.87 Study and teaching. Research Fauzi, Nurfahana Mohamad Characterisation of different brands of white a4 papers using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques |
| title | Characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| title_full | Characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| title_fullStr | Characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| title_short | Characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| title_sort | characterisation of different brands
of white a4 papers using microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques |
| topic | R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RA440-440.87 Study and teaching. Research |
| url | http://eprints.usm.my/62317/ http://eprints.usm.my/62317/1/NURFAHANA%20BINTI%20MOHAMAD%20FAUZI%20-%20e.pdf |