Enhancing physiological psychological and time trial performance outcomes using tapering technique among junior cyclists
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increased training loads during the final three days of taper using modified exponential taper on physiological, psychological and performance outcomes among junior cyclists. This study involved a pre- and postexperimental design with a cont...
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| Format: | Monograph |
| Language: | English |
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Pusat Pengajian Kesihatan
2016
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/59773/ http://eprints.usm.my/59773/1/PROF%20MADYA%20DR%20HAIRUL%20ANUAR%20HASHIM%20-%20e.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848884260594778112 |
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| author | Hashim, Hairul Anuar |
| author_facet | Hashim, Hairul Anuar |
| author_sort | Hashim, Hairul Anuar |
| building | USM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increased training loads during the final
three days of taper using modified exponential taper on physiological, psychological and
performance outcomes among junior cyclists. This study involved a pre- and postexperimental
design with a control group and two experimental groups (modified exponential
taper and normal exponential taper). Twenty one junior male cyclists were recruited and 19
subjects (Mean age = 16.95+ 0.8years) completed the whole study protocol. Participants were
matched according to a baseline VChmax value and they were assigned into either normal
exponential taper (NET), modified exponential taper (MET) and control groups (CON). Both
experimental groups underwent three months of progressive endurance training followed by
two weeks of taper, while the control group continued their endurance training until the end of
the study period. All parameters were measured at baseline, pre-taper and post taper. The
results of the Mixed Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant
interactions between experimental groups across the measurement sessions for maximum
oxygen consumption (VChmax), maximum power output (Wmax), maximum heart rate (HRmax),
rating perceive of exertion (RPE), hemoglobin (Hg), hematocrit (Het), lactate (Lac), creatine
kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol, fatigue and vigor. No significant
interactions were observed for ferritin concentration value, anger, tension, depression and
confusion scores. The results of post-hoc analysis revealed that both experimental groups
(NET and MET) showed significantly higher values in VChmax, Wmax, RPE scores, Hg
concentration values, Het concentration value and Lac concentration value and vigor scores
compared to the control group. Furthermore, the results of post-hoc analysis showed that the
experimental groups (NET and MET) had significantly lower HRmax, CK, LDH, cortisol
concentration values and fatigue scores compared to the control group. The result also
revealed that the experimental groups had significantly faster time in the 20 km time trial
compared to control group at post taper. However, no significant differences were observed
between the MET and NET groups. It is concluded that the MET and NET are equally
effective in optimizing the physiological, psychological and performance outcomes among
junior cyclists. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:03:53Z |
| format | Monograph |
| id | usm-59773 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T19:03:53Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Pusat Pengajian Kesihatan |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | usm-597732024-03-27T07:12:28Z http://eprints.usm.my/59773/ Enhancing physiological psychological and time trial performance outcomes using tapering technique among junior cyclists Hashim, Hairul Anuar Q Science (General) QP1-(981) Physiology The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increased training loads during the final three days of taper using modified exponential taper on physiological, psychological and performance outcomes among junior cyclists. This study involved a pre- and postexperimental design with a control group and two experimental groups (modified exponential taper and normal exponential taper). Twenty one junior male cyclists were recruited and 19 subjects (Mean age = 16.95+ 0.8years) completed the whole study protocol. Participants were matched according to a baseline VChmax value and they were assigned into either normal exponential taper (NET), modified exponential taper (MET) and control groups (CON). Both experimental groups underwent three months of progressive endurance training followed by two weeks of taper, while the control group continued their endurance training until the end of the study period. All parameters were measured at baseline, pre-taper and post taper. The results of the Mixed Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant interactions between experimental groups across the measurement sessions for maximum oxygen consumption (VChmax), maximum power output (Wmax), maximum heart rate (HRmax), rating perceive of exertion (RPE), hemoglobin (Hg), hematocrit (Het), lactate (Lac), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol, fatigue and vigor. No significant interactions were observed for ferritin concentration value, anger, tension, depression and confusion scores. The results of post-hoc analysis revealed that both experimental groups (NET and MET) showed significantly higher values in VChmax, Wmax, RPE scores, Hg concentration values, Het concentration value and Lac concentration value and vigor scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, the results of post-hoc analysis showed that the experimental groups (NET and MET) had significantly lower HRmax, CK, LDH, cortisol concentration values and fatigue scores compared to the control group. The result also revealed that the experimental groups had significantly faster time in the 20 km time trial compared to control group at post taper. However, no significant differences were observed between the MET and NET groups. It is concluded that the MET and NET are equally effective in optimizing the physiological, psychological and performance outcomes among junior cyclists. Pusat Pengajian Kesihatan 2016 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/59773/1/PROF%20MADYA%20DR%20HAIRUL%20ANUAR%20HASHIM%20-%20e.pdf Hashim, Hairul Anuar (2016) Enhancing physiological psychological and time trial performance outcomes using tapering technique among junior cyclists. Project Report. Pusat Pengajian Kesihatan. (Submitted) |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) QP1-(981) Physiology Hashim, Hairul Anuar Enhancing physiological psychological and time trial performance outcomes using tapering technique among junior cyclists |
| title | Enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| title_full | Enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| title_short | Enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| title_sort | enhancing physiological psychological and time
trial performance outcomes using tapering
technique among junior cyclists |
| topic | Q Science (General) QP1-(981) Physiology |
| url | http://eprints.usm.my/59773/ http://eprints.usm.my/59773/1/PROF%20MADYA%20DR%20HAIRUL%20ANUAR%20HASHIM%20-%20e.pdf |