Genetic basis of supernumerary tooth
Teeth are highly mineralised tissues located at the entrance of the alimentary tract in both invertebrates and vertebrates [1]. Teeth are the elements of dermal skeleton that are present in a wide range of jawed vertebrates [2]. Though the main function of teeth is in chewing food, yet, they a...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Pusat Pengajian Sains Pergigian, Universiti Sains Malaysia
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/47754/ http://eprints.usm.my/47754/1/published%20manuscript%20genetic%20basis%20of%20SPN%20tooth-OCR.pdf |
| Summary: | Teeth are highly mineralised tissues located at
the entrance of the alimentary tract in both
invertebrates and vertebrates [1]. Teeth are the
elements of dermal skeleton that are present in a
wide range of jawed vertebrates [2]. Though the
main function of teeth is in chewing food, yet,
they are also associated with defence, display of
dominance as well as in the vocalisation in
humans [3]. The human dentition comprises 20
teeth in the primary dentition and 32 in the
permanent dentition [4, 5, 6]. Tooth agenesis
denotes missing tooth/teeth as a result of
developmental failure that results in decreased
number of normal complement in human dentition
[7]. Conversely, a supernumerary tooth denotes
any tooth or odontogenic structure that is formed
from a tooth germ resulting in more than the
usual number of any given region in a dental arch
[4, 5, 6].
A search was made in databases using the
keywords ‘supernumerary teeth, mouse, humans,
genetics’. The articles collected were subjected to
a systematic review to analyse the genetic basis
of supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth
can be seen in many genetic disorders; but they
are more common in syndromes like Gardner’s
syndrome, cleft lip and palate and cleidocranial
dysplasia (CCD) and less commonly seen in
Fabry disease, Nance-Horan syndrome, Ellis-Van
Creveld syndrome, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
and trichorhinophalangeal syndrome [8]. Genetic
entities that represent supernumerary teeth as a
salient finding have been attributed to autosomal
dominant inheritance, X chromosome inheritance
and to both the inheritance patterns based on
their locus heterogeneity [9]. Also, there are many
reports supporting the theory of familial tendency
to supernumerary teeth which were more evident
in the relatives of the affected individuals [10].
Moreover, Seema Gupta and Praveen Kumar
reported based on their study that in 8.6% of
cases, there was a history of the same
abnormality observed in other members of the
family, which ascertained the hereditary nature of
hyperdontia to occur [11]. |
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