Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic) Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability and Recyclability
The present study was conducted to determine the recyclability and biodegradability of bamboo fabric-reinforced poly(lactic) acid (BF-PLA) composites for sustainable packaging. BF-PLA composite was recycled through the granulation, extrusion, pelletization and injection processes. Subsequently, m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2015
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/38701/ http://eprints.usm.my/38701/1/Disposal_Options_of_Bamboo_Fabric-Reinforced_Poly%28Lactic%29_Acid.pdf |
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| author | M.R., Nurul Fazita Jayaraman, Krishnan Bhattacharyya, Debes Hossain, Md. Sohrab M.K., Mohamad Haafiz H.P.S., Abdul Khalil |
| author_facet | M.R., Nurul Fazita Jayaraman, Krishnan Bhattacharyya, Debes Hossain, Md. Sohrab M.K., Mohamad Haafiz H.P.S., Abdul Khalil |
| author_sort | M.R., Nurul Fazita |
| building | USM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The present study was conducted to determine the recyclability and
biodegradability of bamboo fabric-reinforced poly(lactic) acid (BF-PLA) composites for
sustainable packaging. BF-PLA composite was recycled through the granulation, extrusion,
pelletization and injection processes. Subsequently, mechanical properties (tensile, flexural
and impact strength), thermal stability and the morphological appearance of recycled
BF-PLA composites were determined and compared to BF-PLA composite (initial materials)
and virgin PLA. It was observed that the BF-PLA composites had the adequate mechanical
rigidity and thermal stability to be recycled and reused. Moreover, the biodegradability
of BF-PLA composite was evaluated in controlled and real composting conditions, and
the rate of biodegradability of BF-PLA composites was compared to the virgin PLA.
Morphological and thermal characteristics of the biodegradable BF-PLA and virgin PLA
were obtained by using environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The first order decay rate was found to be 0.0278 and 0.0151 day�1 in a controlled composting condition and 0.0008 and 0.0009 day�1 in real composting conditions for virgin PLA and BF-PLA composite, respectively. Results
indicate that the reinforcement of bamboo fabric in PLA matrix minimizes the degradation
rate of BF-PLA composite. Thus, BF-PLA composite has the potential to be used in product
packaging for providing sustainable packaging. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T17:33:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | usm-38701 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T17:33:00Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | usm-387012018-02-06T07:03:58Z http://eprints.usm.my/38701/ Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic) Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability and Recyclability M.R., Nurul Fazita Jayaraman, Krishnan Bhattacharyya, Debes Hossain, Md. Sohrab M.K., Mohamad Haafiz H.P.S., Abdul Khalil T1-995 Technology(General) The present study was conducted to determine the recyclability and biodegradability of bamboo fabric-reinforced poly(lactic) acid (BF-PLA) composites for sustainable packaging. BF-PLA composite was recycled through the granulation, extrusion, pelletization and injection processes. Subsequently, mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact strength), thermal stability and the morphological appearance of recycled BF-PLA composites were determined and compared to BF-PLA composite (initial materials) and virgin PLA. It was observed that the BF-PLA composites had the adequate mechanical rigidity and thermal stability to be recycled and reused. Moreover, the biodegradability of BF-PLA composite was evaluated in controlled and real composting conditions, and the rate of biodegradability of BF-PLA composites was compared to the virgin PLA. Morphological and thermal characteristics of the biodegradable BF-PLA and virgin PLA were obtained by using environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The first order decay rate was found to be 0.0278 and 0.0151 day�1 in a controlled composting condition and 0.0008 and 0.0009 day�1 in real composting conditions for virgin PLA and BF-PLA composite, respectively. Results indicate that the reinforcement of bamboo fabric in PLA matrix minimizes the degradation rate of BF-PLA composite. Thus, BF-PLA composite has the potential to be used in product packaging for providing sustainable packaging. MDPI 2015 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/38701/1/Disposal_Options_of_Bamboo_Fabric-Reinforced_Poly%28Lactic%29_Acid.pdf M.R., Nurul Fazita and Jayaraman, Krishnan and Bhattacharyya, Debes and Hossain, Md. Sohrab and M.K., Mohamad Haafiz and H.P.S., Abdul Khalil (2015) Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic) Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability and Recyclability. Polymers, 7 (8). pp. 1476-1496. ISSN 2073-4360 http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/7/8/1465 |
| spellingShingle | T1-995 Technology(General) M.R., Nurul Fazita Jayaraman, Krishnan Bhattacharyya, Debes Hossain, Md. Sohrab M.K., Mohamad Haafiz H.P.S., Abdul Khalil Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic) Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability and Recyclability |
| title | Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic)
Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability
and Recyclability |
| title_full | Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic)
Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability
and Recyclability |
| title_fullStr | Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic)
Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability
and Recyclability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic)
Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability
and Recyclability |
| title_short | Disposal Options of Bamboo Fabric-Reinforced Poly(Lactic)
Acid Composites for Sustainable Packaging: Biodegradability
and Recyclability |
| title_sort | disposal options of bamboo fabric-reinforced poly(lactic)
acid composites for sustainable packaging: biodegradability
and recyclability |
| topic | T1-995 Technology(General) |
| url | http://eprints.usm.my/38701/ http://eprints.usm.my/38701/ http://eprints.usm.my/38701/1/Disposal_Options_of_Bamboo_Fabric-Reinforced_Poly%28Lactic%29_Acid.pdf |