The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States (US) exposed the vulnerabilities of the tourism industry to changes in perception as to travel safety and security. Terrorism and threats to national security are documented to have impacts on tourism demand. Tourism activities are...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2008
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/34865/ http://eprints.usm.my/34865/1/HBP15.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848877463600365568 |
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| author | Kakar, Mehmood Khan Waliullah, Waliullah |
| author_facet | Kakar, Mehmood Khan Waliullah, Waliullah |
| author_sort | Kakar, Mehmood Khan |
| building | USM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States (US) exposed the vulnerabilities
of the tourism industry to changes in perception as to travel safety and security. Terrorism and
threats to national security are documented to have impacts on tourism demand. Tourism
activities are multi-pronged with mostly positive impact on any economy. This study attempts to
investigate impacts of terrorist incidents in Pakistan. The proposed approach is a stated OLS and
Autorgrasive distributed lag Modem (ARDL) model from 1985 to 2008 taken at different points in
time in relation to terrorist attacks. Results show that the attacks caused a shock to tourists’ utility,
and a change in the image profile of destinations. Moreover, it was found that destination
experienced a strongly negative impact on their image and attractiveness. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T17:15:51Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | usm-34865 |
| institution | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T17:15:51Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | usm-348652017-06-02T08:01:57Z http://eprints.usm.my/34865/ The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan Kakar, Mehmood Khan Waliullah, Waliullah TH1-9745 Building construction The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States (US) exposed the vulnerabilities of the tourism industry to changes in perception as to travel safety and security. Terrorism and threats to national security are documented to have impacts on tourism demand. Tourism activities are multi-pronged with mostly positive impact on any economy. This study attempts to investigate impacts of terrorist incidents in Pakistan. The proposed approach is a stated OLS and Autorgrasive distributed lag Modem (ARDL) model from 1985 to 2008 taken at different points in time in relation to terrorist attacks. Results show that the attacks caused a shock to tourists’ utility, and a change in the image profile of destinations. Moreover, it was found that destination experienced a strongly negative impact on their image and attractiveness. 2008-12 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/34865/1/HBP15.pdf Kakar, Mehmood Khan and Waliullah, Waliullah (2008) The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan. In: 2nd International Conference on Built Environment in Developing Countries., 3rd- 4th December 2008, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang. |
| spellingShingle | TH1-9745 Building construction Kakar, Mehmood Khan Waliullah, Waliullah The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title | The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title_full | The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title_short | The impact of terrorism on tourism demand in Pakistan |
| title_sort | impact of terrorism on tourism demand in pakistan |
| topic | TH1-9745 Building construction |
| url | http://eprints.usm.my/34865/ http://eprints.usm.my/34865/1/HBP15.pdf |