Pengumpulan B-Karotin Dan A-Tokoferol Oleh Ikan Keli Afrika (Clarias Gariepinus) Dari Produk Sampingan Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit - Wan Yaakob, Wan Abdul Aziz (1997)

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Keupayaan ikan keli Afrika (Clarias gariepinus) untuk mengumpul f3-karotin dan a-tokoferol dari makanan ikan keli terumus yang mengandungi dua produk sampingan hasil penyaringan minyak kelapa sawit, iaitu Tanah Peluntur Terpakai (TPT) dan Asid Lemak Sawit Tersuling (ALST) ke dalam ototnya dikaji. Empat jenis makanan ikan dirumuskan, dinamakan AF (mengandungi ALST dan serb uk ikan), SF (mengandungi TPT dan serbuk ikan), ASF (mengandungi ALTS, TPT dan serbuk ikan) dan CF (mengandungi minyak hati ikan kod dan serbuk ikan). Keempat-empat makanan dirumuskan supaya meneapai 13% lipid dan 30% protein. Serat akhir ikan keli bagi kajian pemakanan AF, SF, ASF dan CF adalah 180.44 ± 2.64, 174.84 ± 3.04, 193.49 ± 2.49 dan 173.90 ± 2.38 9 seek~r, manakala ukuran badan akhir bagi ikan-ikan tersebut pula adalah 29'.77 ± 0.15, 29.66 ± 0.17, 30.45 ± 0.13 dan 29.67 ± 0.13 em seek~r, masing-masing. Nisbah penukaran makanan bagi AF, SF, ASF dan CF adalah 2.4:1, 2.3:1, 2.1: 1 dan 2.4: 1, masing-masing. ,The ability of the African catfish (C/arias gariepinus) to accumulate p-carotene and a-tocopherol from formulated catfish feed that contained palm oil mill by-products n~mely, Spent Sleaching Earth (SSE) and Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) into their muscle was studied. Four types of feed were formulated, namely AF (contained PFAD and fish meal), SF (contained SSE and fish meal), ASF (contained PFAD, SSE and fish meal) and CF (contained cod liver oil and fish meal). All feed were formulated to achieve 13% lipid and 30% protein levels. The final weights of individual catfish fed with AF, SF, ASF and CF feed were 180.44 ± 2.64, 174.84 ± 3.04, 193.49 ± 2.49 and 173.90 ± 2.39 g, whereas the final total lengths of individual catfish were 29.77 ± 0.15,29.66 ± 0.17,30.45 ± 0.13 and 29.67 ± 0.13 cm, respectively.