Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield
The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have be...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848862601294905344 |
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| author | Adamu, Abdullahi Ahmad, Khairulmazmi Siddiqui, Yasmeen Ismail, Intan Safinar Asib, Norhayu Kutawa, Abdulaziz Bashir Adzmi, Fariz Ismail, Mohd Razi Berahim, Zulkarami |
| author_facet | Adamu, Abdullahi Ahmad, Khairulmazmi Siddiqui, Yasmeen Ismail, Intan Safinar Asib, Norhayu Kutawa, Abdulaziz Bashir Adzmi, Fariz Ismail, Mohd Razi Berahim, Zulkarami |
| author_sort | Adamu, Abdullahi |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:19:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-97447 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:19:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-974472022-07-27T07:23:08Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/ Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield Adamu, Abdullahi Ahmad, Khairulmazmi Siddiqui, Yasmeen Ismail, Intan Safinar Asib, Norhayu Kutawa, Abdulaziz Bashir Adzmi, Fariz Ismail, Mohd Razi Berahim, Zulkarami The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Adamu, Abdullahi and Ahmad, Khairulmazmi and Siddiqui, Yasmeen and Ismail, Intan Safinar and Asib, Norhayu and Kutawa, Abdulaziz Bashir and Adzmi, Fariz and Ismail, Mohd Razi and Berahim, Zulkarami (2021) Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield. Molecules, 26 (13). art. no. 3902. pp. 1-15. ISSN 1420-3049 https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/3902 10.3390/molecules26133902 |
| spellingShingle | Adamu, Abdullahi Ahmad, Khairulmazmi Siddiqui, Yasmeen Ismail, Intan Safinar Asib, Norhayu Kutawa, Abdulaziz Bashir Adzmi, Fariz Ismail, Mohd Razi Berahim, Zulkarami Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title | Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title_full | Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title_fullStr | Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title_short | Ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| title_sort | ginger essential oils-loaded nanoemulsions: potential strategy to manage bacterial leaf blight disease and enhanced rice yield |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97447/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |