Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019
This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of historical droughts over the Muda River basin (MRB), Malaysia, from 1985 to 2019 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI). The Mann–Kendall test and Sens’ slope were used to evaluate the tre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848862447350317056 |
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| author | Luhaim, Zibeon Tan, Mou Leong Tangang, Fredolin Zulkafli, Zed Diyana Kwok, Pan Chun Yusop, Zulkifli Yaseen, Zaher Mundher |
| author_facet | Luhaim, Zibeon Tan, Mou Leong Tangang, Fredolin Zulkafli, Zed Diyana Kwok, Pan Chun Yusop, Zulkifli Yaseen, Zaher Mundher |
| author_sort | Luhaim, Zibeon |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of historical droughts over the Muda River basin (MRB), Malaysia, from 1985 to 2019 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI). The Mann–Kendall test and Sens’ slope were used to evaluate the trends and magnitude changes in the droughts, respectively, while Spearman’s rho was applied to understand the relationships of the droughts with large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). The results show that the intense droughts in the MRB mostly occurred in 1991–1992, 1995, 1998, 2002–2003, 2005–2006, 2008, 2012–2013, and 2016. In addition, a declining SPI trend was found from May to December at most of the stations. About 80% of the stations experienced about 10 severely dry droughts, while almost all stations experienced at least 5 extremely dry events. Moreover, a higher response rate of the SSI than the SPI was found during low-rainfall months from January to May. Lastly, ENSO had a larger impact on the drought formations over the MRB compared to the IOD and MJO, especially during the dry period. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:17:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-96800 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:17:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-968002022-12-01T03:59:25Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/ Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 Luhaim, Zibeon Tan, Mou Leong Tangang, Fredolin Zulkafli, Zed Diyana Kwok, Pan Chun Yusop, Zulkifli Yaseen, Zaher Mundher This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of historical droughts over the Muda River basin (MRB), Malaysia, from 1985 to 2019 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI). The Mann–Kendall test and Sens’ slope were used to evaluate the trends and magnitude changes in the droughts, respectively, while Spearman’s rho was applied to understand the relationships of the droughts with large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). The results show that the intense droughts in the MRB mostly occurred in 1991–1992, 1995, 1998, 2002–2003, 2005–2006, 2008, 2012–2013, and 2016. In addition, a declining SPI trend was found from May to December at most of the stations. About 80% of the stations experienced about 10 severely dry droughts, while almost all stations experienced at least 5 extremely dry events. Moreover, a higher response rate of the SSI than the SPI was found during low-rainfall months from January to May. Lastly, ENSO had a larger impact on the drought formations over the MRB compared to the IOD and MJO, especially during the dry period. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Luhaim, Zibeon and Tan, Mou Leong and Tangang, Fredolin and Zulkafli, Zed Diyana and Kwok, Pan Chun and Yusop, Zulkifli and Yaseen, Zaher Mundher (2021) Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019. Atmosphere, 12 (9). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2073-4433 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/9/1210 10.3390/atmos12091210 |
| spellingShingle | Luhaim, Zibeon Tan, Mou Leong Tangang, Fredolin Zulkafli, Zed Diyana Kwok, Pan Chun Yusop, Zulkifli Yaseen, Zaher Mundher Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title | Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title_full | Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title_fullStr | Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title_short | Drought variability and characteristics in the Muda River Basin of Malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| title_sort | drought variability and characteristics in the muda river basin of malaysia from 1985 to 2019 |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96800/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |