Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode
One-dimensional ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) have the edge over other nanostructures due to their unique properties. Current work fabricated ZnO NRs on pre-seeded ITO glass substrate through hydrothermal synthesis using customized hydrothermal set-up. The sources of Zn2+ and OH− ions were supplied continu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2021
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95267/ |
| _version_ | 1848862114429534208 |
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| author | Zainal, Zulkarnain Tan, Huey Jing Lim, Hong Ngee Tan, Sin Tee Shafie, Suhaidi Tan, Kar Ban Baharudin, Noor Nazihah Talib, Zainal Abidin |
| author_facet | Zainal, Zulkarnain Tan, Huey Jing Lim, Hong Ngee Tan, Sin Tee Shafie, Suhaidi Tan, Kar Ban Baharudin, Noor Nazihah Talib, Zainal Abidin |
| author_sort | Zainal, Zulkarnain |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | One-dimensional ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) have the edge over other nanostructures due to their unique properties. Current work fabricated ZnO NRs on pre-seeded ITO glass substrate through hydrothermal synthesis using customized hydrothermal set-up. The sources of Zn2+ and OH− ions were supplied continuously from zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), respectively whereby the concentration of both precursors and the temperature of growth solution varied from 0.01 M to 0.05 M and from 80 °C to 120 °C, respectively. The impact of concentration and temperature variation on hydrothermal reaction and corresponding PEC cell performance is discussed. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results revealed that the morphology of prepared ZnO NRs arrays is concentration- and temperature-dependent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflected strong orientation along (002) direction for the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NRs, and the film crystallinity greatly improved when the temperature increased. At optimal concentration and hydrothermal temperature, the ZnO NRs photoanode exhibited a bandgap value of 3.22 eV and achieved an impressive photocurrent density of 0.483 mA/cm2 that was attributed to the ordered rods alignment and improved optical properties. In addition, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated optimized one-dimensional (1D) NRs sample showed better charge separation and transfer rate, which was two times larger than ZnO nanoparticles. The present work exhibited better photoelectrochemical performance than the other reported literature showing the high quality of ZnO NRs produced. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:11:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-95267 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:11:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-952672023-02-03T08:28:45Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95267/ Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode Zainal, Zulkarnain Tan, Huey Jing Lim, Hong Ngee Tan, Sin Tee Shafie, Suhaidi Tan, Kar Ban Baharudin, Noor Nazihah Talib, Zainal Abidin One-dimensional ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) have the edge over other nanostructures due to their unique properties. Current work fabricated ZnO NRs on pre-seeded ITO glass substrate through hydrothermal synthesis using customized hydrothermal set-up. The sources of Zn2+ and OH− ions were supplied continuously from zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), respectively whereby the concentration of both precursors and the temperature of growth solution varied from 0.01 M to 0.05 M and from 80 °C to 120 °C, respectively. The impact of concentration and temperature variation on hydrothermal reaction and corresponding PEC cell performance is discussed. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) results revealed that the morphology of prepared ZnO NRs arrays is concentration- and temperature-dependent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflected strong orientation along (002) direction for the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NRs, and the film crystallinity greatly improved when the temperature increased. At optimal concentration and hydrothermal temperature, the ZnO NRs photoanode exhibited a bandgap value of 3.22 eV and achieved an impressive photocurrent density of 0.483 mA/cm2 that was attributed to the ordered rods alignment and improved optical properties. In addition, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated optimized one-dimensional (1D) NRs sample showed better charge separation and transfer rate, which was two times larger than ZnO nanoparticles. The present work exhibited better photoelectrochemical performance than the other reported literature showing the high quality of ZnO NRs produced. Elsevier 2021 Article PeerReviewed Zainal, Zulkarnain and Tan, Huey Jing and Lim, Hong Ngee and Tan, Sin Tee and Shafie, Suhaidi and Tan, Kar Ban and Baharudin, Noor Nazihah and Talib, Zainal Abidin (2021) Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode. Ceramics International, 47 (10). 14194 - 14207. ISSN 0272-8842; ESSN: 1873-3956 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884221003321?via%3Dihub 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.02.005 |
| spellingShingle | Zainal, Zulkarnain Tan, Huey Jing Lim, Hong Ngee Tan, Sin Tee Shafie, Suhaidi Tan, Kar Ban Baharudin, Noor Nazihah Talib, Zainal Abidin Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title | Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title_full | Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title_short | Synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| title_sort | synthesis of high quality hydrothermally grown zno nanorods for photoelectrochemical cell electrode |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95267/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95267/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95267/ |