Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics
This paper investigated the effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on the electrical properties of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics. The Pr6O11 doping has a notable influence on the characteristics of the nonlinear coefficient, varistor voltage, and leakage current where the values varied from 2.29 to 2.69, 12.36...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95246/ |
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| author | Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Sabri Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Abdullah, Wan Rafizah Kassim, Syara Ismail, Nur Quratul Aini Sa’at, Nor Kamilah Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fekeri, Maria Fazira Matori, Khamirul Amin |
| author_facet | Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Sabri Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Abdullah, Wan Rafizah Kassim, Syara Ismail, Nur Quratul Aini Sa’at, Nor Kamilah Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fekeri, Maria Fazira Matori, Khamirul Amin |
| author_sort | Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This paper investigated the effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on the electrical properties of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics. The Pr6O11 doping has a notable influence on the characteristics of the nonlinear coefficient, varistor voltage, and leakage current where the values varied from 2.29 to 2.69, 12.36 to 68.36 V/mm and 599.33 to 548.16 µA/cm2, respectively. The nonlinear varistor coefficient of 5.50 to 7.15 and the varistor voltage of 7.38 to 8.10 V/mm was also influenced by the use of Co3O4 as a dopant. When the amount of Co3O4 was above 0.5 wt.%, the leakage current increased from 202.41 to 302.71 μA/cm2. The varistor ceramics with 1.5 wt.% Pr6O11 shows good nonlinear electrical performance at higher breakdown voltage and reduced the leakage current of the ceramic materials. Besides, the varistor sample that was doped with 0.5 wt.% Co3O4 was able to enhance the nonlinear electrical properties at low breakdown voltage with a smaller value of leakage current. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:11:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-95246 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T13:11:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-952462023-02-16T07:30:52Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95246/ Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Sabri Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Abdullah, Wan Rafizah Kassim, Syara Ismail, Nur Quratul Aini Sa’at, Nor Kamilah Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fekeri, Maria Fazira Matori, Khamirul Amin This paper investigated the effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on the electrical properties of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics. The Pr6O11 doping has a notable influence on the characteristics of the nonlinear coefficient, varistor voltage, and leakage current where the values varied from 2.29 to 2.69, 12.36 to 68.36 V/mm and 599.33 to 548.16 µA/cm2, respectively. The nonlinear varistor coefficient of 5.50 to 7.15 and the varistor voltage of 7.38 to 8.10 V/mm was also influenced by the use of Co3O4 as a dopant. When the amount of Co3O4 was above 0.5 wt.%, the leakage current increased from 202.41 to 302.71 μA/cm2. The varistor ceramics with 1.5 wt.% Pr6O11 shows good nonlinear electrical performance at higher breakdown voltage and reduced the leakage current of the ceramic materials. Besides, the varistor sample that was doped with 0.5 wt.% Co3O4 was able to enhance the nonlinear electrical properties at low breakdown voltage with a smaller value of leakage current. MDPI AG 2021 Article PeerReviewed Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi and Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Sabri and Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal and Wan Abdullah, Wan Rafizah and Kassim, Syara and Ismail, Nur Quratul Aini and Sa’at, Nor Kamilah and Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz and Mohd Fekeri, Maria Fazira and Matori, Khamirul Amin (2021) Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics. Materials, 14 (4). pp. 1-17. ISSN 1996-1944 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/4/702 10.3390/ma14040702 |
| spellingShingle | Shaifudin, Muhamad Syaizwadi Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Sabri Wan Mohamad Kamaruzzaman, Wan Mohamad Ikhmal Wan Abdullah, Wan Rafizah Kassim, Syara Ismail, Nur Quratul Aini Sa’at, Nor Kamilah Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fekeri, Maria Fazira Matori, Khamirul Amin Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title | Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title_full | Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title_short | Synergistic effects of Pr6O11 and Co3O4 on electrical and microstructure features of ZnO-BaTiO3 varistor ceramics |
| title_sort | synergistic effects of pr6o11 and co3o4 on electrical and microstructure features of zno-batio3 varistor ceramics |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/95246/ |