An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester
Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Research
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848860504745836544 |
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| author | Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah Yunus, Robiah Abd Hamid, Hamidah Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Omar, Rozita Rashid, Umer Abbas, Zulkifly |
| author_facet | Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah Yunus, Robiah Abd Hamid, Hamidah Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Omar, Rozita Rashid, Umer Abbas, Zulkifly |
| author_sort | Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-87805 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Nature Research |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-878052022-06-15T07:30:48Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/ An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah Yunus, Robiah Abd Hamid, Hamidah Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Omar, Rozita Rashid, Umer Abbas, Zulkifly Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant. Nature Research 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah and Yunus, Robiah and Abd Hamid, Hamidah and Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan and Omar, Rozita and Rashid, Umer and Abbas, Zulkifly (2020) An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester. Scientific Reports, 10. art. no. 19652. pp. 1-17. ISSN 2045-2322 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76775-y 10.1038/s41598-020-76775-y |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Aziz, Nur Atiqah Yunus, Robiah Abd Hamid, Hamidah Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Omar, Rozita Rashid, Umer Abbas, Zulkifly An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title_full | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title_fullStr | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title_full_unstemmed | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title_short | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| title_sort | acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87805/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |