Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars
Minimally refined brown sugar (MRBS) is a brown sugar derived from sugarcane that has a low glycemic index. This study aimed to determine and compare the antioxidant contents and nutritional and physicochemical properties of MRBS, refined sugar (RS), and brown sugar (BS). In addition, the toxicity o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley Open Access
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
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| author | Azlan, Azrina Khoo, Hock Eng Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Abdul Kadir, Noor Atiqah Aizan Mohd Yusof, Barakatun Nisak Mahmood, Zhafarina Sultana, Sharmin |
| author_facet | Azlan, Azrina Khoo, Hock Eng Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Abdul Kadir, Noor Atiqah Aizan Mohd Yusof, Barakatun Nisak Mahmood, Zhafarina Sultana, Sharmin |
| author_sort | Azlan, Azrina |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Minimally refined brown sugar (MRBS) is a brown sugar derived from sugarcane that has a low glycemic index. This study aimed to determine and compare the antioxidant contents and nutritional and physicochemical properties of MRBS, refined sugar (RS), and brown sugar (BS). In addition, the toxicity of these sugars was evaluated via in vitro cytotoxicity method and by using a zebrafish model. Results showed that MRBS was better than the two other sugars because it has a lower moisture content and higher ash content. The contents of potassium and manganese of MRBS were higher than those of the two other sugars. Surprisingly, MRBS also contained selenium, which was not detected in RS and BS. The major phenolics in MRBS are 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, trans-Ferulic acid, and apigenin. All sugar solutions and their antioxidant-containing extracts were not cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 adipocytes. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-87707 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Wiley Open Access |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-877072022-07-06T02:54:18Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/ Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars Azlan, Azrina Khoo, Hock Eng Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Abdul Kadir, Noor Atiqah Aizan Mohd Yusof, Barakatun Nisak Mahmood, Zhafarina Sultana, Sharmin Minimally refined brown sugar (MRBS) is a brown sugar derived from sugarcane that has a low glycemic index. This study aimed to determine and compare the antioxidant contents and nutritional and physicochemical properties of MRBS, refined sugar (RS), and brown sugar (BS). In addition, the toxicity of these sugars was evaluated via in vitro cytotoxicity method and by using a zebrafish model. Results showed that MRBS was better than the two other sugars because it has a lower moisture content and higher ash content. The contents of potassium and manganese of MRBS were higher than those of the two other sugars. Surprisingly, MRBS also contained selenium, which was not detected in RS and BS. The major phenolics in MRBS are 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, trans-Ferulic acid, and apigenin. All sugar solutions and their antioxidant-containing extracts were not cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Wiley Open Access 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Azlan, Azrina and Khoo, Hock Eng and Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana and Abdul Kadir, Noor Atiqah Aizan and Mohd Yusof, Barakatun Nisak and Mahmood, Zhafarina and Sultana, Sharmin (2020) Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars. Food Science & Nutrition, 8 (9). 5048 - 5062. ISSN 2048-7177 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.1803 10.1002/fsn3.1803 |
| spellingShingle | Azlan, Azrina Khoo, Hock Eng Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Abdul Kadir, Noor Atiqah Aizan Mohd Yusof, Barakatun Nisak Mahmood, Zhafarina Sultana, Sharmin Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title | Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title_full | Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title_short | Antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| title_sort | antioxidant activity, nutritional and physicochemical characteristics, and toxicity of minimally refined brown sugar and other sugars |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/87707/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |