Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous metals widely distributed in the environment, resulting in toxic health effects. This project aims to evaluate Pb and Cd as toxic elements in 15 different tobacco ciga-rette brands produced and/or sold in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia. The concentratio...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/1/Toxic%20heavy%20metal%20%28Pb%20and%20Cd%29%20content%20in%20tobacco%20cigarette%20brands%20in%20Selangor%20state%2C%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848859286981050368 |
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| author | Janaydeh, Mohammed Ismail, Ahmad Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Omar, Hishamuddin |
| author_facet | Janaydeh, Mohammed Ismail, Ahmad Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Omar, Hishamuddin |
| author_sort | Janaydeh, Mohammed |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous metals widely distributed in the environment, resulting in toxic health effects. This project aims to evaluate Pb and Cd as toxic elements in 15 different tobacco ciga-rette brands produced and/or sold in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia. The concentrations of Pb and Cd in all tobacco brands tested in this study were deter-mined using the air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). On average, the concentrations of Pb and Cd in different tobacco brand samples ranged from 3.05 and 0.80 μg/g dw, respectively. The results indicate that assessment mean values of Pb in-haled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes were in the range of 1.55–3.51 μg. Furthermore, the concentration of Cd inhaled per packet of cigarettes (20 sticks) is estimated to be 0.04–0.36 μg. However, there was a significant difference in the concentrations of Pb and Cd between the different brands of tobacco cigarettes, among cigarette prices (cheap versus expensive) of tobacco brands. In conclusion, cigarette smokers in Selangor, Malaysia, are heavily exposed to Pb and Cd, and such exposure could adversely affect their health in the long term. The impact of toxic heavy metals on smokers in this state would be an area for future research. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:26:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-82418 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:26:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Springer |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-824182020-09-15T07:49:28Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/ Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia Janaydeh, Mohammed Ismail, Ahmad Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Omar, Hishamuddin Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous metals widely distributed in the environment, resulting in toxic health effects. This project aims to evaluate Pb and Cd as toxic elements in 15 different tobacco ciga-rette brands produced and/or sold in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia. The concentrations of Pb and Cd in all tobacco brands tested in this study were deter-mined using the air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). On average, the concentrations of Pb and Cd in different tobacco brand samples ranged from 3.05 and 0.80 μg/g dw, respectively. The results indicate that assessment mean values of Pb in-haled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes were in the range of 1.55–3.51 μg. Furthermore, the concentration of Cd inhaled per packet of cigarettes (20 sticks) is estimated to be 0.04–0.36 μg. However, there was a significant difference in the concentrations of Pb and Cd between the different brands of tobacco cigarettes, among cigarette prices (cheap versus expensive) of tobacco brands. In conclusion, cigarette smokers in Selangor, Malaysia, are heavily exposed to Pb and Cd, and such exposure could adversely affect their health in the long term. The impact of toxic heavy metals on smokers in this state would be an area for future research. Springer 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/1/Toxic%20heavy%20metal%20%28Pb%20and%20Cd%29%20content%20in%20tobacco%20cigarette%20brands%20in%20Selangor%20state%2C%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf Janaydeh, Mohammed and Ismail, Ahmad and Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir and Omar, Hishamuddin (2019) Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191 (10). pp. 1-8. ISSN 0167-6369; ESSN: 1573-2959 http://link.springer.com/journal/10661 10.1007/s10661-019-7755-y |
| spellingShingle | Janaydeh, Mohammed Ismail, Ahmad Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Omar, Hishamuddin Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title | Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full | Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_short | Toxic heavy metal (Pb and Cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_sort | toxic heavy metal (pb and cd) content in tobacco cigarette brands in selangor state, peninsular malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/82418/1/Toxic%20heavy%20metal%20%28Pb%20and%20Cd%29%20content%20in%20tobacco%20cigarette%20brands%20in%20Selangor%20state%2C%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |