Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean
Background: Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/1/SOY.pdf |
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| author | Mohd Yusof, Hamidah Mohd Ali, Norlaily Swee, Keong Yeap Ho, Wan Yong Beh, Boon Kee Koh, Soo Peng Long, Kamariah Mohammed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu |
| author_facet | Mohd Yusof, Hamidah Mohd Ali, Norlaily Swee, Keong Yeap Ho, Wan Yong Beh, Boon Kee Koh, Soo Peng Long, Kamariah Mohammed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu |
| author_sort | Mohd Yusof, Hamidah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw soybean. Methods: In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the NESTE aqueous extract and raw soybean aqueous extract (SBE) were evaluated by quantifying the inhibition of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) secretion in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cell in vitro. On the other hand, in vivo oral acute toxicity effect of the extract was tested on mice at the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. In vivo oral analgesic effect of both aqueous extracts at 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight was evaluated by the hot plate test. Results: In the in vitro anti-inflammatory study, 5 mg/mL NESTE was able to inhibit 25.50 ± 2.20%, 35.88 ± 3.20% and 28.50 ± 3.50% of NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cells without inducing cytotoxic effect on the cells. However, this effect was lower than 4 μg/mL of curcumin, which inhibited NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production by 89.50 ± 5.00%, 78.80 ± 6.20% and 87.30 ± 4.00%, respectively. In addition, 1.5 to 2.5-fold increase of
latency period up to 120 min for mice in the hot plate test was achieved by 1000 mg/kg NESTE. The analgesic effect of NESTE was better than 400 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid, which only increased ~ 1.7-fold of latency period up to 90 min. Moreover, NESTE did not show acute toxicity (no LD50) up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: NESTE is a nutritious food ingredient with potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:21:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-80675 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:21:21Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | BMC |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-806752020-11-12T00:39:07Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/ Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean Mohd Yusof, Hamidah Mohd Ali, Norlaily Swee, Keong Yeap Ho, Wan Yong Beh, Boon Kee Koh, Soo Peng Long, Kamariah Mohammed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Background: Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw soybean. Methods: In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the NESTE aqueous extract and raw soybean aqueous extract (SBE) were evaluated by quantifying the inhibition of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) secretion in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cell in vitro. On the other hand, in vivo oral acute toxicity effect of the extract was tested on mice at the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. In vivo oral analgesic effect of both aqueous extracts at 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight was evaluated by the hot plate test. Results: In the in vitro anti-inflammatory study, 5 mg/mL NESTE was able to inhibit 25.50 ± 2.20%, 35.88 ± 3.20% and 28.50 ± 3.50% of NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cells without inducing cytotoxic effect on the cells. However, this effect was lower than 4 μg/mL of curcumin, which inhibited NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production by 89.50 ± 5.00%, 78.80 ± 6.20% and 87.30 ± 4.00%, respectively. In addition, 1.5 to 2.5-fold increase of latency period up to 120 min for mice in the hot plate test was achieved by 1000 mg/kg NESTE. The analgesic effect of NESTE was better than 400 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid, which only increased ~ 1.7-fold of latency period up to 90 min. Moreover, NESTE did not show acute toxicity (no LD50) up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: NESTE is a nutritious food ingredient with potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. BMC 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/1/SOY.pdf Mohd Yusof, Hamidah and Mohd Ali, Norlaily and Swee, Keong Yeap and Ho, Wan Yong and Beh, Boon Kee and Koh, Soo Peng and Long, Kamariah and Mohammed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu (2019) Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19. art. no. 373. pp. 1-7. ISSN 1472-6882 https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-019-2791-2 10.1186/s12906-019-2791-2 |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Yusof, Hamidah Mohd Ali, Norlaily Swee, Keong Yeap Ho, Wan Yong Beh, Boon Kee Koh, Soo Peng Long, Kamariah Mohammed Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title_full | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title_fullStr | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title_short | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| title_sort | anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80675/1/SOY.pdf |