Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite
The present work discusses the ammonia (NH3) sensing behavior of etched-tapered single mode fiber (SMF) sensors coated with polyaniline (PANI)/graphite nanofiber (GNF) nanocomposite at room temperature. SMF was etched with hydrofluoric acid and subsequently tapered in a glass processing workstation....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79846/ |
| _version_ | 1848858772289617920 |
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| author | Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem Abdul Rashid, Suraya Abu Bakar, Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah Mahdi, Mohd Adzir Yaacob, Mohd Hanif |
| author_facet | Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem Abdul Rashid, Suraya Abu Bakar, Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah Mahdi, Mohd Adzir Yaacob, Mohd Hanif |
| author_sort | Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The present work discusses the ammonia (NH3) sensing behavior of etched-tapered single mode fiber (SMF) sensors coated with polyaniline (PANI)/graphite nanofiber (GNF) nanocomposite at room temperature. SMF was etched with hydrofluoric acid and subsequently tapered in a glass processing workstation. The PANI/GNF ratio in the nanocomposite polymer film is 2:1. The etched–tapered SMF is spray-coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite. By varying the waist SMF diameter, a comprehensive investigation of the optical response of PANI/GNF nanocomposite-coated SMF and etched–tapered SMF sensors at room temperature is performed. The scanning electron microscopy of PANI/GNF nanocomposites showed a high surface-area sensing layer due to formation of porous structures with 1-2 μm dimension. SMF modification significantly increases the interaction of the evanescent field of light that propagates in the core with the PANI/GNF sensing layer. The integration of modified SMF with the PANI/GNF nanocomposite films yields a highly sensitive optical sensor that can be operated at room temperature (26 °C) in the visible wavelength range. The 50-μm etched and then 15-μm tapered SMF coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite exhibits response time and sensitivity of 58 s and 300, respectively. Moreover, increased surface area in sensitive regions allows the sensor to detect as low as 0.00142% NH3, which is equal to 14.2 ppm. The etched–tapered SMF sensors coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite exhibits stronger performance toward NH3 in terms of response time and sensitivity as compared with pristine PANI-coated sensors. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:18:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-79846 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:18:45Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-798462022-11-15T04:11:51Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79846/ Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem Abdul Rashid, Suraya Abu Bakar, Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah Mahdi, Mohd Adzir Yaacob, Mohd Hanif The present work discusses the ammonia (NH3) sensing behavior of etched-tapered single mode fiber (SMF) sensors coated with polyaniline (PANI)/graphite nanofiber (GNF) nanocomposite at room temperature. SMF was etched with hydrofluoric acid and subsequently tapered in a glass processing workstation. The PANI/GNF ratio in the nanocomposite polymer film is 2:1. The etched–tapered SMF is spray-coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite. By varying the waist SMF diameter, a comprehensive investigation of the optical response of PANI/GNF nanocomposite-coated SMF and etched–tapered SMF sensors at room temperature is performed. The scanning electron microscopy of PANI/GNF nanocomposites showed a high surface-area sensing layer due to formation of porous structures with 1-2 μm dimension. SMF modification significantly increases the interaction of the evanescent field of light that propagates in the core with the PANI/GNF sensing layer. The integration of modified SMF with the PANI/GNF nanocomposite films yields a highly sensitive optical sensor that can be operated at room temperature (26 °C) in the visible wavelength range. The 50-μm etched and then 15-μm tapered SMF coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite exhibits response time and sensitivity of 58 s and 300, respectively. Moreover, increased surface area in sensitive regions allows the sensor to detect as low as 0.00142% NH3, which is equal to 14.2 ppm. The etched–tapered SMF sensors coated with PANI/GNF nanocomposite exhibits stronger performance toward NH3 in terms of response time and sensitivity as compared with pristine PANI-coated sensors. Elsevier 2019 Article PeerReviewed Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem and Abdul Rashid, Suraya and Abu Bakar, Muhammad Hafiz and Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah and Mahdi, Mohd Adzir and Yaacob, Mohd Hanif (2019) Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 287. pp. 71-77. ISSN 0925-4005; ESSN: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400519301406 10.1016/j.snb.2019.01.115 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed, Husam Abduldaem Abdul Rashid, Suraya Abu Bakar, Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad Anas, Siti Barirah Mahdi, Mohd Adzir Yaacob, Mohd Hanif Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title | Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title_full | Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title_short | Fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating PANI/GNF nanocomposite |
| title_sort | fabrication and characterizations of a novel etched-tapered single mode optical fiber ammonia sensors integrating pani/gnf nanocomposite |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79846/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79846/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/79846/ |