Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation
This study contributes to the existing literature by examining bioenergy intensity and its related factors in European continental countries (ECC). Through its focus on European continental (EC), this study extends the existing literature, which mainly covers nationwide studies. The current paper ai...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/1/77843.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848858344720171008 |
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| author | Alsaleh, Mohammed Abdul Samad @ Iammi, Abdul Rahim |
| author_facet | Alsaleh, Mohammed Abdul Samad @ Iammi, Abdul Rahim |
| author_sort | Alsaleh, Mohammed |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This study contributes to the existing literature by examining bioenergy intensity and its related factors in European continental countries (ECC). Through its focus on European continental (EC), this study extends the existing literature, which mainly covers nationwide studies. The current paper aims to investigate the variables of bioenergy intensity in the ECC during the term 2005–2013, construct its economic variables, and evaluate the volume and significance level of the impact of each variable on bioenergy intensity. To successfully achieve this analysis, a generalised method of moments estimator (GMM) was designed for ECC. The estimated models show that available bioenergy for final consumption has a positive impact on bioenergy intensity in ECC. The largest influence on bioenergy intensity was evaluated for the annual growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), followed by the investment and referral that the scale and construction of this economic variable should be taken into consideration and applied as a precious bioenergy regulation and policy instruments for developing bioenergy intensity and efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:11:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-77843 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:11:57Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-778432020-05-04T16:57:54Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/ Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation Alsaleh, Mohammed Abdul Samad @ Iammi, Abdul Rahim This study contributes to the existing literature by examining bioenergy intensity and its related factors in European continental countries (ECC). Through its focus on European continental (EC), this study extends the existing literature, which mainly covers nationwide studies. The current paper aims to investigate the variables of bioenergy intensity in the ECC during the term 2005–2013, construct its economic variables, and evaluate the volume and significance level of the impact of each variable on bioenergy intensity. To successfully achieve this analysis, a generalised method of moments estimator (GMM) was designed for ECC. The estimated models show that available bioenergy for final consumption has a positive impact on bioenergy intensity in ECC. The largest influence on bioenergy intensity was evaluated for the annual growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), followed by the investment and referral that the scale and construction of this economic variable should be taken into consideration and applied as a precious bioenergy regulation and policy instruments for developing bioenergy intensity and efficiency. MDPI 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/1/77843.pdf Alsaleh, Mohammed and Abdul Samad @ Iammi, Abdul Rahim (2019) Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation. Resources, 8 (1). art. no. 43. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2079-9276 https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/8/1/43 10.3390/resources8010043 |
| spellingShingle | Alsaleh, Mohammed Abdul Samad @ Iammi, Abdul Rahim Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title | Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title_full | Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title_fullStr | Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title_short | Bioenergy intensity and its determinants in European continental countries: evidence using GMM estimation |
| title_sort | bioenergy intensity and its determinants in european continental countries: evidence using gmm estimation |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77843/1/77843.pdf |