Socio-ecological perspectives of engaging smallholders in environmental-friendly palm oil certification schemes

Socio-ecological perspectives of engaging smallholders in environmental-friendly palm oil certification schemes

The majority of smallholders in palm oil producing countries are not involved in palm oil certification schemes. The schemes are jointly developed by environmental NGOs, government agencies, and plantation companies without the input of smallholders. The inclusion of smallholders into palm oil certi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Saadun, Norzanalia, Lim, Evelyn Ai Lin, Mohd Esa, Shakinah, Ngu, Freddy, Awang, Fatihah, Gimin, Akram, Johari, Izzah Hafizah, Firdaus, Muhammad Abrisam, Wagimin, Nurul Izati, Md Sharif, Badrul Azhar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2018
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73924/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73924/1/Socio-ecological%20perspectives%20of%20engaging%20smallholders%20in%20environmental-friendly%20palm%20oil%20certification%20schemes.pdf

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