Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D
Solute runoff and leaching are two direct pathways of nutrient pollution from paddy fields into water systems. Due to the dynamic nature of paddy fields, solute transport and transformation processes are complex and difficult to understand. Therefore, in this study, nitrogen (N) transport in flooded...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
2018
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/1/HYDRUS.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848857250514337792 |
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| author | Kamal, Md. Rowshon Che Man, Hasfalina Wayayok, Aimrun Mo'allim, Abdikani Abdullahi Muhammed, Hadi Hamaaziz Mohamed Zawawi, Mohamed Azwan Mohd Soom, Mohd Amin |
| author_facet | Kamal, Md. Rowshon Che Man, Hasfalina Wayayok, Aimrun Mo'allim, Abdikani Abdullahi Muhammed, Hadi Hamaaziz Mohamed Zawawi, Mohamed Azwan Mohd Soom, Mohd Amin |
| author_sort | Kamal, Md. Rowshon |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Solute runoff and leaching are two direct pathways of nutrient pollution from paddy fields into water systems. Due to the dynamic nature of paddy fields, solute transport and transformation processes are complex and difficult to understand. Therefore, in this study, nitrogen (N) transport in flooded paddy rice fields with conventional irrigation (flooding irrigation) in the Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Scheme (TAKRIS), Sawah Sempadan, were observed and modelled using the Hydrus-1D numerical model during two consecutive rice growing seasons. Based on solute transport analysis results, it was observed that 50.3% to 48% of percolated N was accumulated in the top 40-cm soil layer, while 49.7% to 52% of leachate N was lost below the 40-cm soil layer (40–100 cm) during the off and main seasons, respectively. About 85% of N leaching loss was in the form of NO3−. NO3− was absorbed by rice roots within 0–40 cm and the denitrified root zone; however, there was still a large quantity of NO3− which remained below the root zone, which was quickly transported downward along with the leachate water. The NH4+ concentration in subsurface water was lower than the NO3− concentration due to various processes that removed NH4+ from the topsoil layer (0–40 cm), such as ammonium volatilisation, nitrification, and plant uptake. The total leaching loss of N was 34.9 and 27.9 kg/ha during the off and main seasons, respectively. The simulated and observed water flow and nutrient leaching were in a good agreement (R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.24). The results showed that Hydrus-1D successfully simulated the solute movement under different soil depths during the study period. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:54:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-73212 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:54:34Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-732122020-11-26T22:21:51Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/ Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D Kamal, Md. Rowshon Che Man, Hasfalina Wayayok, Aimrun Mo'allim, Abdikani Abdullahi Muhammed, Hadi Hamaaziz Mohamed Zawawi, Mohamed Azwan Mohd Soom, Mohd Amin Solute runoff and leaching are two direct pathways of nutrient pollution from paddy fields into water systems. Due to the dynamic nature of paddy fields, solute transport and transformation processes are complex and difficult to understand. Therefore, in this study, nitrogen (N) transport in flooded paddy rice fields with conventional irrigation (flooding irrigation) in the Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Scheme (TAKRIS), Sawah Sempadan, were observed and modelled using the Hydrus-1D numerical model during two consecutive rice growing seasons. Based on solute transport analysis results, it was observed that 50.3% to 48% of percolated N was accumulated in the top 40-cm soil layer, while 49.7% to 52% of leachate N was lost below the 40-cm soil layer (40–100 cm) during the off and main seasons, respectively. About 85% of N leaching loss was in the form of NO3−. NO3− was absorbed by rice roots within 0–40 cm and the denitrified root zone; however, there was still a large quantity of NO3− which remained below the root zone, which was quickly transported downward along with the leachate water. The NH4+ concentration in subsurface water was lower than the NO3− concentration due to various processes that removed NH4+ from the topsoil layer (0–40 cm), such as ammonium volatilisation, nitrification, and plant uptake. The total leaching loss of N was 34.9 and 27.9 kg/ha during the off and main seasons, respectively. The simulated and observed water flow and nutrient leaching were in a good agreement (R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.24). The results showed that Hydrus-1D successfully simulated the solute movement under different soil depths during the study period. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/1/HYDRUS.pdf Kamal, Md. Rowshon and Che Man, Hasfalina and Wayayok, Aimrun and Mo'allim, Abdikani Abdullahi and Muhammed, Hadi Hamaaziz and Mohamed Zawawi, Mohamed Azwan and Mohd Soom, Mohd Amin (2018) Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D. Water, 10. pp. 1-18. ISSN 2073-4441 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/6/785 10.3390/w10060785 |
| spellingShingle | Kamal, Md. Rowshon Che Man, Hasfalina Wayayok, Aimrun Mo'allim, Abdikani Abdullahi Muhammed, Hadi Hamaaziz Mohamed Zawawi, Mohamed Azwan Mohd Soom, Mohd Amin Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title | Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title_full | Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title_short | Assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using Hydrus-1D |
| title_sort | assessment of nutrient leaching in flooded paddy rice field experiment using hydrus-1d |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73212/1/HYDRUS.pdf |