A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs)
The antiradical efficiency (AE) and kinetic behavior of a new ferulate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were described using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The reduction of the DPPH free radical (DPPH•) was investigated by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 517 nm. Th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2018
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/1/PROTIC.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848857225541451776 |
|---|---|
| author | Ahmad, Nur Afiqah Jumbri, Khairulazhar Ramli, Anita Abd Ghani, Noraini Ahmad, Haslina Jun, Wei Lim |
| author_facet | Ahmad, Nur Afiqah Jumbri, Khairulazhar Ramli, Anita Abd Ghani, Noraini Ahmad, Haslina Jun, Wei Lim |
| author_sort | Ahmad, Nur Afiqah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The antiradical efficiency (AE) and kinetic behavior of a new ferulate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were described using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The reduction of the DPPH free radical (DPPH•) was investigated by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 517 nm. The time to reach steady state for the reaction of parent acid (ferulic acid) and synthesized PILs with DPPH• was continuously recorded for 1 h. Results revealed that the AE of 2-butylaminoethanol ferulate (2BAEF), 3-dimethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DMAPF) and 3-diethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DEAPF) PILs have improved compared to ferulic acid (FA) as the reaction class changes from low to medium. This attributed to the strong hydrogen abstraction occurred in the PILs. Furthermore, these PILs were found to have a good kinetic behavior compared to FA due to the high rate constant (k2) (164.17, 242.84 and 244.73 M−1 s−1, respectively). The alkyl chain length and more alkyl substituents on the nitrogen atom of cation were believed to reduce the cation-anion interaction and speed up the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and electron transfer (ET) mechanisms; hence, increased rate constant was observed leading to a strong antioxidant activity of the synthesized PILs. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:54:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-72922 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:54:10Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-729222021-02-09T18:01:47Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/ A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) Ahmad, Nur Afiqah Jumbri, Khairulazhar Ramli, Anita Abd Ghani, Noraini Ahmad, Haslina Jun, Wei Lim The antiradical efficiency (AE) and kinetic behavior of a new ferulate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were described using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The reduction of the DPPH free radical (DPPH•) was investigated by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 517 nm. The time to reach steady state for the reaction of parent acid (ferulic acid) and synthesized PILs with DPPH• was continuously recorded for 1 h. Results revealed that the AE of 2-butylaminoethanol ferulate (2BAEF), 3-dimethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DMAPF) and 3-diethylaminopropanol ferulate (3DEAPF) PILs have improved compared to ferulic acid (FA) as the reaction class changes from low to medium. This attributed to the strong hydrogen abstraction occurred in the PILs. Furthermore, these PILs were found to have a good kinetic behavior compared to FA due to the high rate constant (k2) (164.17, 242.84 and 244.73 M−1 s−1, respectively). The alkyl chain length and more alkyl substituents on the nitrogen atom of cation were believed to reduce the cation-anion interaction and speed up the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and electron transfer (ET) mechanisms; hence, increased rate constant was observed leading to a strong antioxidant activity of the synthesized PILs. MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/1/PROTIC.pdf Ahmad, Nur Afiqah and Jumbri, Khairulazhar and Ramli, Anita and Abd Ghani, Noraini and Ahmad, Haslina and Jun, Wei Lim (2018) A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs). Molecules, 23 (12). 3201 - 3212. ISSN 1420-3049 https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/12/3201 10.3390/molecules23123201 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad, Nur Afiqah Jumbri, Khairulazhar Ramli, Anita Abd Ghani, Noraini Ahmad, Haslina Jun, Wei Lim A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title | A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title_full | A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title_fullStr | A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title_full_unstemmed | A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title_short | A kinetic approach of DPPH free radical assay of ferulate-based Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) |
| title_sort | kinetic approach of dpph free radical assay of ferulate-based protic ionic liquids (pils) |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/72922/1/PROTIC.pdf |