Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency

Thermographic measurements were performed on Mus musculus (Swiss albino mice) exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) downlink frequency to determine thermal effect. Sham-exposed mice samples show consistent transient increase...

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Main Authors: Murad, Mohd Aminudin, Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq, Ariffin, Rusnani, Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah, Usman, Aliyu Danjuma
Format: Conference or Workshop Item
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2010
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/1/Thermographic%20measurements%20on%20unrestrained%20Swiss%20albino%20mice%20exposed%20to%20non-ionizing%20electromagnetic%20field%20%28EMF%29%20of%202.14%20GHz%20UMTS%20downlink%20frequency.pdf
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author Murad, Mohd Aminudin
Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq
Ariffin, Rusnani
Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah
Usman, Aliyu Danjuma
author_facet Murad, Mohd Aminudin
Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq
Ariffin, Rusnani
Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah
Usman, Aliyu Danjuma
author_sort Murad, Mohd Aminudin
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Thermographic measurements were performed on Mus musculus (Swiss albino mice) exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) downlink frequency to determine thermal effect. Sham-exposed mice samples show consistent transient increase in daily mean body temperature. The mice samples were expected to experience a rise in body temperature when exposed to UMTS signal. However, the exposed samples show a gradual decrease in mean body temperature pattern for the first 10 days and then settled at a lower mean body temperature range until day 21. In conclusion, the thermographic measurement results did not demonstrate a significant thermal effect mediated by 2.14 GHz EMF exposure at 1 V/m, with highly variable individual response of the mice samples to the exposure observed in both groups. Actual thermal effects might have been masked by the thermoregulatory mechanism or other factors, or the exposure level applied was too low to produce any observable thermal effect. The measurement results also support that mice rarely survived when their body temperature dropped below 33.3°C of hypothermia endpoint temperature.
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format Conference or Workshop Item
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institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T11:39:58Z
publishDate 2010
publisher IEEE
recordtype eprints
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spelling upm-691862019-06-12T07:36:45Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/ Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency Murad, Mohd Aminudin Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq Ariffin, Rusnani Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah Usman, Aliyu Danjuma Thermographic measurements were performed on Mus musculus (Swiss albino mice) exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) downlink frequency to determine thermal effect. Sham-exposed mice samples show consistent transient increase in daily mean body temperature. The mice samples were expected to experience a rise in body temperature when exposed to UMTS signal. However, the exposed samples show a gradual decrease in mean body temperature pattern for the first 10 days and then settled at a lower mean body temperature range until day 21. In conclusion, the thermographic measurement results did not demonstrate a significant thermal effect mediated by 2.14 GHz EMF exposure at 1 V/m, with highly variable individual response of the mice samples to the exposure observed in both groups. Actual thermal effects might have been masked by the thermoregulatory mechanism or other factors, or the exposure level applied was too low to produce any observable thermal effect. The measurement results also support that mice rarely survived when their body temperature dropped below 33.3°C of hypothermia endpoint temperature. IEEE 2010 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/1/Thermographic%20measurements%20on%20unrestrained%20Swiss%20albino%20mice%20exposed%20to%20non-ionizing%20electromagnetic%20field%20%28EMF%29%20of%202.14%20GHz%20UMTS%20downlink%20frequency.pdf Murad, Mohd Aminudin and Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq and Ariffin, Rusnani and Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah and Usman, Aliyu Danjuma (2010) Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency. In: 2010 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA 2010), 3-5 Oct. 2010, Penang, Malaysia. (pp. 417-422). 10.1109/ISIEA.2010.5679429
spellingShingle Murad, Mohd Aminudin
Abd Malek, Mohd Fareq
Ariffin, Rusnani
Wan Ahmad, Wan Fatinhamamah
Usman, Aliyu Danjuma
Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title_full Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title_fullStr Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title_full_unstemmed Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title_short Thermographic measurements on unrestrained Swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF) of 2.14 GHz UMTS downlink frequency
title_sort thermographic measurements on unrestrained swiss albino mice exposed to non-ionizing electromagnetic field (emf) of 2.14 ghz umts downlink frequency
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/69186/1/Thermographic%20measurements%20on%20unrestrained%20Swiss%20albino%20mice%20exposed%20to%20non-ionizing%20electromagnetic%20field%20%28EMF%29%20of%202.14%20GHz%20UMTS%20downlink%20frequency.pdf