Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia
Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) in urine and inhaled dust of the municipal waste operators was assessed. Methods: Urine spot samples were collected and analysed for Cd and creatinine of 60 municipal waste operators between April to June 2013. Respirable dust was collected using personal air sampling pump...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
2018
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/1/2018080309050509_MJMHS_Aug_2018.pdf |
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| author | Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Salleh, Faridatul Hanim Zainal Abidin, Emilia Kather Mahiddin, Nur Azlin Rangga, Josfirin Uding |
| author_facet | Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Salleh, Faridatul Hanim Zainal Abidin, Emilia Kather Mahiddin, Nur Azlin Rangga, Josfirin Uding |
| author_sort | Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) in urine and inhaled dust of the municipal waste operators was assessed. Methods: Urine spot samples were collected and analysed for Cd and creatinine of 60 municipal waste operators between April to June 2013. Respirable dust was collected using personal air sampling pump GilAir-3 and GilAir-5 for 8 working hours. Cd in urine and dust were analysed using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer A Analyst 800) while urinary creatinine was measured using Reflotron® Plus creatinine. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of Cd in the respirable dust (0.59 ± 50.27 μg/m3) was within the permissible exposure limit (PEL). The level of Cd in urine (0.015 ± 0.0097 μg/g Cr) was lower than the safe limit of 5 μg/g. The creatinine level (173.59 ± 50.27 mg/dl) was within the normal range (20 to 350 mg/dl). The multiple regression model shows smoking and years of smoking were the significant predictors for the Cd in the urine (R² = 0.216 F(3,56) = 5.150, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Municipal waste operators were exposed to minimal Cd exposure while handling waste and the accumulation of this metal urine was correlated with smoking habit. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:26:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-66146 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:26:30Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-661462019-02-11T03:56:22Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/ Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Salleh, Faridatul Hanim Zainal Abidin, Emilia Kather Mahiddin, Nur Azlin Rangga, Josfirin Uding Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) in urine and inhaled dust of the municipal waste operators was assessed. Methods: Urine spot samples were collected and analysed for Cd and creatinine of 60 municipal waste operators between April to June 2013. Respirable dust was collected using personal air sampling pump GilAir-3 and GilAir-5 for 8 working hours. Cd in urine and dust were analysed using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer A Analyst 800) while urinary creatinine was measured using Reflotron® Plus creatinine. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) of Cd in the respirable dust (0.59 ± 50.27 μg/m3) was within the permissible exposure limit (PEL). The level of Cd in urine (0.015 ± 0.0097 μg/g Cr) was lower than the safe limit of 5 μg/g. The creatinine level (173.59 ± 50.27 mg/dl) was within the normal range (20 to 350 mg/dl). The multiple regression model shows smoking and years of smoking were the significant predictors for the Cd in the urine (R² = 0.216 F(3,56) = 5.150, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Municipal waste operators were exposed to minimal Cd exposure while handling waste and the accumulation of this metal urine was correlated with smoking habit. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/1/2018080309050509_MJMHS_Aug_2018.pdf Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah and Salleh, Faridatul Hanim and Zainal Abidin, Emilia and Kather Mahiddin, Nur Azlin and Rangga, Josfirin Uding (2018) Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 14 (SP1). pp. 72-80. ISSN 1675-8544; ESSN: 2636-9346 http://www.medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2018080309050509_MJMHS_Aug_2018.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Salleh, Faridatul Hanim Zainal Abidin, Emilia Kather Mahiddin, Nur Azlin Rangga, Josfirin Uding Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title | Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title_full | Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title_short | Cadmium (Cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, Malaysia |
| title_sort | cadmium (cd) exposure among waste collector in urban area, malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66146/1/2018080309050509_MJMHS_Aug_2018.pdf |