Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters
Green composites using cellulose fibers as a reinforcement material provide a sustainable and renewable alternative to petroleum-based polymers. However, controlling the usage of chemicals and processing parameters to extract the cellulose could be sometimes difficult. Therefore, this study aims to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor and Francis
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/1/Sonosynthesis%20of%20microcellulose%20from%20kenaf%20fiber%20optimization%20of%20process%20parameters.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848854749510631424 |
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| author | Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza Khalid, Mohammad Ratnam, Chantara Thevy Walvekar, Rashmi Abdullah, Luqman Chuah |
| author_facet | Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza Khalid, Mohammad Ratnam, Chantara Thevy Walvekar, Rashmi Abdullah, Luqman Chuah |
| author_sort | Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Green composites using cellulose fibers as a reinforcement material provide a sustainable and renewable alternative to petroleum-based polymers. However, controlling the usage of chemicals and processing parameters to extract the cellulose could be sometimes difficult. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the conditions for extracting the microcellulose from kenaf fibers using central composite design (CCD), a statistical tool in design of experiments. Three factors and three levels were chosen for carrying out the analysis. The design was based on sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dosage, Sodium Chlorite (NaClO2) dosage and sonication time as independent variables, while dependent variables were the fiber size and degradation point. Later, size responses were fitted using quadratic polynomial model and degradation responses using 2-factor interaction model (2FI). The R2 values of 0.89 and 0.83 were obtained for the quadratic and the 2FI model, respectively. Further, surface morphology, thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were also used for design validation. Optimal parameters for microcellulose extraction were found to be 0.15 g of NaOH at first stage, 4.6 mL of NaClO2 at second stage, and 10 min of sonication during third stage. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:14:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-63262 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:14:49Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Taylor and Francis |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-632622018-09-26T02:39:29Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/ Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza Khalid, Mohammad Ratnam, Chantara Thevy Walvekar, Rashmi Abdullah, Luqman Chuah Green composites using cellulose fibers as a reinforcement material provide a sustainable and renewable alternative to petroleum-based polymers. However, controlling the usage of chemicals and processing parameters to extract the cellulose could be sometimes difficult. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the conditions for extracting the microcellulose from kenaf fibers using central composite design (CCD), a statistical tool in design of experiments. Three factors and three levels were chosen for carrying out the analysis. The design was based on sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dosage, Sodium Chlorite (NaClO2) dosage and sonication time as independent variables, while dependent variables were the fiber size and degradation point. Later, size responses were fitted using quadratic polynomial model and degradation responses using 2-factor interaction model (2FI). The R2 values of 0.89 and 0.83 were obtained for the quadratic and the 2FI model, respectively. Further, surface morphology, thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were also used for design validation. Optimal parameters for microcellulose extraction were found to be 0.15 g of NaOH at first stage, 4.6 mL of NaClO2 at second stage, and 10 min of sonication during third stage. Taylor and Francis 2016-12 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/1/Sonosynthesis%20of%20microcellulose%20from%20kenaf%20fiber%20optimization%20of%20process%20parameters.pdf Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza and Khalid, Mohammad and Ratnam, Chantara Thevy and Walvekar, Rashmi and Abdullah, Luqman Chuah (2016) Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters. Journal of Natural Fibers, 14 (3). pp. 437-449. ISSN 1544-0478; ESSN: 1544-046X 10.1080/15440478.2016.1212767 |
| spellingShingle | Ketabchi, Mohammad Reza Khalid, Mohammad Ratnam, Chantara Thevy Walvekar, Rashmi Abdullah, Luqman Chuah Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title | Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title_full | Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title_fullStr | Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title_short | Sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| title_sort | sonosynthesis of microcellulose from kenaf fiber: optimization of process parameters |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63262/1/Sonosynthesis%20of%20microcellulose%20from%20kenaf%20fiber%20optimization%20of%20process%20parameters.pdf |