Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach
Background: Ipomoea aquatica (locally known as “kangkung”) has previously been reported to have hypoglycemic activities on glucose level in diabetes patients. However, the effect of I. aquatica ethanolic extract on the metabolites in the body has remained unknown. Purpose: This study provides new in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/1/Effect%20of%20Ipomoea%20aquatica%20ethanolic%20extract%20in%20streptozotocin%20%28STZ%29%20induced%20diabetic%20rats%20via%201H%20NMR-based%20metabolomics%20approach.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848854438928711680 |
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| author | Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Mediani, Ahmed M., Maulidiani Mohd Dom, Nur Sumirah Machap, Chandradevan Hamid, Muhajir Ismail, Amin Khatib, Alfi Abas, Faridah |
| author_facet | Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Mediani, Ahmed M., Maulidiani Mohd Dom, Nur Sumirah Machap, Chandradevan Hamid, Muhajir Ismail, Amin Khatib, Alfi Abas, Faridah |
| author_sort | Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Ipomoea aquatica (locally known as “kangkung”) has previously been reported to have hypoglycemic activities on glucose level in diabetes patients. However, the effect of I. aquatica ethanolic extract on the metabolites in the body has remained unknown. Purpose: This study provides new insights on the changes of endogenous metabolites caused by I. aquatica ethanolic extract and improves the understanding on the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of I. aquatica ethanolic extract. Methods: By using a combination of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with multivariate analysis (MVDA), the changes of metabolites due to I. aquatica ethanolic extract administration in obese diabetic-induced Sprague Dawley rats (OB+STZ+IA) were identified. Results: The results suggested 19 potential biomarkers with variable importance projections (VIP) above 0.5, which include creatine/creatinine, glucose, creatinine, citrate, carnitine, 2 oxoglutarate, succinate, hippurate,
leucine, 1-methylnicotinamice (MNA), taurine, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), tryptophan, lysine, trigonelline, allantoin, formiate, acetoacetate (AcAc) and dimethylamine. From the changes in the metabolites, the affected pathways and aspects of metabolism were identified. Conclusion: I. aquatica ethanolic extract increases metabolite levels such as creatinine/creatine, carnitine, MNA, trigonelline, leucine, lysine, 3-HB and decreases metabolite levels, including glucose and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates. This implies capabilities of I. aquatica ethanolic extract promoting glycolysis, gut microbiota and nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism, improving the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and reducing the β-oxidation rate. However, the administration of I. aquatica ethanolic extract has several drawbacks, such as unimproved changes in amino acid metabolism, especially in reducing branched chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis pathways and lipid metabolism. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:09:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-61572 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:09:53Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-615722022-05-25T02:23:22Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/ Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Mediani, Ahmed M., Maulidiani Mohd Dom, Nur Sumirah Machap, Chandradevan Hamid, Muhajir Ismail, Amin Khatib, Alfi Abas, Faridah Background: Ipomoea aquatica (locally known as “kangkung”) has previously been reported to have hypoglycemic activities on glucose level in diabetes patients. However, the effect of I. aquatica ethanolic extract on the metabolites in the body has remained unknown. Purpose: This study provides new insights on the changes of endogenous metabolites caused by I. aquatica ethanolic extract and improves the understanding on the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of I. aquatica ethanolic extract. Methods: By using a combination of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with multivariate analysis (MVDA), the changes of metabolites due to I. aquatica ethanolic extract administration in obese diabetic-induced Sprague Dawley rats (OB+STZ+IA) were identified. Results: The results suggested 19 potential biomarkers with variable importance projections (VIP) above 0.5, which include creatine/creatinine, glucose, creatinine, citrate, carnitine, 2 oxoglutarate, succinate, hippurate, leucine, 1-methylnicotinamice (MNA), taurine, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), tryptophan, lysine, trigonelline, allantoin, formiate, acetoacetate (AcAc) and dimethylamine. From the changes in the metabolites, the affected pathways and aspects of metabolism were identified. Conclusion: I. aquatica ethanolic extract increases metabolite levels such as creatinine/creatine, carnitine, MNA, trigonelline, leucine, lysine, 3-HB and decreases metabolite levels, including glucose and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates. This implies capabilities of I. aquatica ethanolic extract promoting glycolysis, gut microbiota and nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism, improving the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and reducing the β-oxidation rate. However, the administration of I. aquatica ethanolic extract has several drawbacks, such as unimproved changes in amino acid metabolism, especially in reducing branched chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis pathways and lipid metabolism. Elsevier 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/1/Effect%20of%20Ipomoea%20aquatica%20ethanolic%20extract%20in%20streptozotocin%20%28STZ%29%20induced%20diabetic%20rats%20via%201H%20NMR-based%20metabolomics%20approach.pdf Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana and Mediani, Ahmed and M., Maulidiani and Mohd Dom, Nur Sumirah and Machap, Chandradevan and Hamid, Muhajir and Ismail, Amin and Khatib, Alfi and Abas, Faridah (2017) Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach. Phytomedicine, 36. 201 - 209. ISSN 0944-7113; ESSN: 1618-095X https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0944711317301514?via%3Dihub 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.10.011 |
| spellingShingle | Abu Bakar Sajak, Azliana Mediani, Ahmed M., Maulidiani Mohd Dom, Nur Sumirah Machap, Chandradevan Hamid, Muhajir Ismail, Amin Khatib, Alfi Abas, Faridah Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title | Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title_full | Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title_short | Effect of Ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats via 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach |
| title_sort | effect of ipomoea aquatica ethanolic extract in streptozotocin (stz) induced diabetic rats via 1h nmr-based metabolomics approach |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61572/1/Effect%20of%20Ipomoea%20aquatica%20ethanolic%20extract%20in%20streptozotocin%20%28STZ%29%20induced%20diabetic%20rats%20via%201H%20NMR-based%20metabolomics%20approach.pdf |