Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens
A digestibility trial was conducted to determine the apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein in broilers fed various treated palm kernel cake (PKC) based diets under unheated and heated conditions. A total of 240 day-old female broiler chicks (Cobb...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart
2017
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/1/Apparent%20metabolisable%20energy%20and%20ileal%20crude%20protein%20digestibility%20of%20various%20treated%20palm%20kernel%20cake%20based%20diets%20for%20heat-stressed%20broiler%20chickens.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848854295906091008 |
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| author | Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani Awad, E. A. |
| author_facet | Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani Awad, E. A. |
| author_sort | Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A digestibility trial was conducted to determine the apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein in broilers fed various treated palm kernel cake (PKC) based diets under unheated and heated conditions. A total of 240 day-old female broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly distributed to 60 battery cages in environmentally controlled rooms and fed standard broiler diets from day 1 to 28. From day 29 to 35, chickens were assigned to one of the following 6 diets: (1) 25% untreated PKC, (2) 25% shell-less PKC (SPKC), (3) 25% enzyme treated PKC (EPKC), (4) 25% extruded PKC (XPKC), (5) 25% extruded shell-less PKC (XSPKC) or (6) 0% PKC (control). From day 29–35, equal numbers of birds from each diet were exposed to either 24 ± 1°C (unheated) or 34 ± 1°C for 6 h daily (heated). No significant diet × temperature interactions were observed for AME or AID of CP. Regardless of temperature, XPKC, XSPKC, SPKC and EPKC significantly increased the AME values by 16, 29, 31 and 35%, respectively compared to untreated PKC. In comparison to untreated PKC, the AID of CP was also significantly increased in EPKC (33%), SPKC (29%) and XSPKC (26%) but not in XPKC. Irrespective of diet, heat-stressed birds had significantly lower AME and AID of CP compared to the unheated group. These results showed that enzyme supplementation and shell removal treatments improved both AME and AID of CP of the PKC. However, extrusion improved AME but not AID of CP. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:07:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-60902 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:07:36Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-609022019-03-25T01:31:43Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/ Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani Awad, E. A. A digestibility trial was conducted to determine the apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein in broilers fed various treated palm kernel cake (PKC) based diets under unheated and heated conditions. A total of 240 day-old female broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly distributed to 60 battery cages in environmentally controlled rooms and fed standard broiler diets from day 1 to 28. From day 29 to 35, chickens were assigned to one of the following 6 diets: (1) 25% untreated PKC, (2) 25% shell-less PKC (SPKC), (3) 25% enzyme treated PKC (EPKC), (4) 25% extruded PKC (XPKC), (5) 25% extruded shell-less PKC (XSPKC) or (6) 0% PKC (control). From day 29–35, equal numbers of birds from each diet were exposed to either 24 ± 1°C (unheated) or 34 ± 1°C for 6 h daily (heated). No significant diet × temperature interactions were observed for AME or AID of CP. Regardless of temperature, XPKC, XSPKC, SPKC and EPKC significantly increased the AME values by 16, 29, 31 and 35%, respectively compared to untreated PKC. In comparison to untreated PKC, the AID of CP was also significantly increased in EPKC (33%), SPKC (29%) and XSPKC (26%) but not in XPKC. Irrespective of diet, heat-stressed birds had significantly lower AME and AID of CP compared to the unheated group. These results showed that enzyme supplementation and shell removal treatments improved both AME and AID of CP of the PKC. However, extrusion improved AME but not AID of CP. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/1/Apparent%20metabolisable%20energy%20and%20ileal%20crude%20protein%20digestibility%20of%20various%20treated%20palm%20kernel%20cake%20based%20diets%20for%20heat-stressed%20broiler%20chickens.pdf Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim and Idrus, Zulkifli and Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani and Awad, E. A. (2017) Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens. European Poultry Science, 81. ISSN 1612-9199 10.1399/eps.2017.198 |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani Awad, E. A. Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title | Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title_full | Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title_fullStr | Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title_short | Apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| title_sort | apparent metabolisable energy and ileal crude protein digestibility of various treated palm kernel cake based diets for heat-stressed broiler chickens |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60902/1/Apparent%20metabolisable%20energy%20and%20ileal%20crude%20protein%20digestibility%20of%20various%20treated%20palm%20kernel%20cake%20based%20diets%20for%20heat-stressed%20broiler%20chickens.pdf |