Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition
Introduction: Malnutrition is a growing problem but quite often under-recognised in elderly people. Calf circumference (CC) is a simple measurement that can be used to identify elderly people who are at high risk of malnutrition; however, a population-specific cut-off point must be developed. Theref...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nutrition Society of Malaysia
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/1/Determination%20of%20calf%20circumference%20cut-off%20values%20for%20Malaysian%20elderly%20and%20its%20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848852812318900224 |
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| author | H., Sakinah A., Siti NurAsyura S., Suzana |
| author_facet | H., Sakinah A., Siti NurAsyura S., Suzana |
| author_sort | H., Sakinah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Introduction: Malnutrition is a growing problem but quite often under-recognised in elderly people. Calf circumference (CC) is a simple measurement that can be used to identify elderly people who are at high risk of malnutrition; however, a population-specific cut-off point must be developed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine suitable cut-off points and evaluate the predictive value of the CC cut-off point for elderly Malaysians. Methods: A total of 820 persons comprising 433 men and 387 women were recruited as subjects. The mean age was 69.0 ± 6.8 and ranged between 60 to 97 years. Data were collected from Sabak Bernam, Selangor Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan; Pasir Mas, Kelantan, and Kodiang, Kedah. A linear regression analysis with the z-score procedure by gender was used to derive the CC prediction equations. Results: The CC cut-off points for men and women at risk of malnutrition were 30.1 cm and 27.3 cm, respectively. The final predictive CC equations for men was CC (cm) = 3.69 (z score) + 33.81, R2 = 1 and CC (cm) = 0.7103 (BMI) + 18.54, R2 = 1; and for women, CC (cm) = 4.31 (z score) + 31.63, R2 = 1 and CC (cm) = 0.6698(BMI) + 16.847, R2 = 1. Based on these equations, using the z-score equal to negative 1 for men (BMI 16.30 kg/m2) and women (BMI 15.64 kg/m2), the mean of the predictive value of the CC cut-off point was 32.0 ± 4.2 cm in men and 30.5 ± 4.6 cm in women. Conclusion: It is suggested that these cut-off points be used to screen elderly individuals who are at risk of malnutrition. Further studies should be undertaken to further verify the application of the findings of this study. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:44:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-55473 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:44:01Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Nutrition Society of Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-554732017-09-14T09:52:58Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/ Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition H., Sakinah A., Siti NurAsyura S., Suzana Introduction: Malnutrition is a growing problem but quite often under-recognised in elderly people. Calf circumference (CC) is a simple measurement that can be used to identify elderly people who are at high risk of malnutrition; however, a population-specific cut-off point must be developed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine suitable cut-off points and evaluate the predictive value of the CC cut-off point for elderly Malaysians. Methods: A total of 820 persons comprising 433 men and 387 women were recruited as subjects. The mean age was 69.0 ± 6.8 and ranged between 60 to 97 years. Data were collected from Sabak Bernam, Selangor Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan; Pasir Mas, Kelantan, and Kodiang, Kedah. A linear regression analysis with the z-score procedure by gender was used to derive the CC prediction equations. Results: The CC cut-off points for men and women at risk of malnutrition were 30.1 cm and 27.3 cm, respectively. The final predictive CC equations for men was CC (cm) = 3.69 (z score) + 33.81, R2 = 1 and CC (cm) = 0.7103 (BMI) + 18.54, R2 = 1; and for women, CC (cm) = 4.31 (z score) + 31.63, R2 = 1 and CC (cm) = 0.6698(BMI) + 16.847, R2 = 1. Based on these equations, using the z-score equal to negative 1 for men (BMI 16.30 kg/m2) and women (BMI 15.64 kg/m2), the mean of the predictive value of the CC cut-off point was 32.0 ± 4.2 cm in men and 30.5 ± 4.6 cm in women. Conclusion: It is suggested that these cut-off points be used to screen elderly individuals who are at risk of malnutrition. Further studies should be undertaken to further verify the application of the findings of this study. Nutrition Society of Malaysia 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/1/Determination%20of%20calf%20circumference%20cut-off%20values%20for%20Malaysian%20elderly%20and%20its%20.pdf H., Sakinah and A., Siti NurAsyura and S., Suzana (2016) Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 22 (3). pp. 375-387. ISSN 1394-035X |
| spellingShingle | H., Sakinah A., Siti NurAsyura S., Suzana Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title | Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title_full | Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title_fullStr | Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title_short | Determination of calf circumference cut-off values for Malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| title_sort | determination of calf circumference cut-off values for malaysian elderly and its predictive value in assessing risk of malnutrition |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/55473/1/Determination%20of%20calf%20circumference%20cut-off%20values%20for%20Malaysian%20elderly%20and%20its%20.pdf |