FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia
For this study, four soil series with two depth levels (0-15cm, 15-30cm) were collected namely: Bungor, Kuala Brang, Segamat and Kuantan Series. The former two represent Ultisols, while the latter two represent Oxisols in Malaysia. All the samples were subjected to Fourier transmission infrared (FTI...
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Asian Online Journals
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/1/FTIR%20and%20XRD%20analyses%20of%20highly%20weathered%20Ultisols%20and%20Oxisols%20in%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |
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| author | Zannah, Talha Ibrahim Jusop, Shamshuddin Che Ishaq, Fauziah Roslan, Ismail |
| author_facet | Zannah, Talha Ibrahim Jusop, Shamshuddin Che Ishaq, Fauziah Roslan, Ismail |
| author_sort | Zannah, Talha Ibrahim |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | For this study, four soil series with two depth levels (0-15cm, 15-30cm) were collected namely: Bungor, Kuala Brang, Segamat and Kuantan Series. The former two represent Ultisols, while the latter two represent Oxisols in Malaysia. All the samples were subjected to Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis to determine the functional groups and mineralogical composition. All the soils were found to be acidic in nature (pH 3-5) with Al toxicity, which is an indication of low fertility. From the FTIR analysis, hydroxyl (OH-) functional group showed the presence of kaolinite [Al2Si2O5 (OH)4], halloysite and gibbsite [Al(OH)3]in both Ultisols and Oxisols. In addition, the carboxylate (C=O) stretching band (Si-O) silicate impurities confirmed the dominance of kaolinite in both soil types. The XRD analysis showed the presence of kaolinite as the major constituent in both Ultisols and Oxisols under study. Besides that, gibbsite, quartz and mica were common in the Ultisols, while mica, goethite and hematite were in trace amount in the Oxisols. Cation exchange capacity which ranged from 7.5 to 12 cmolckg-1 were low for all the soils, while exchangeable Al were above the threshold value for the growth of Al sensitive crops. This may indicate the potential of Al toxicity in the soils. Base saturation was in the range of 1.3 to 10.9%, which was very low. All soils were deficient in available P (<9.96 mg kg-1). Meanwhile, free iron (Fe2O3)contents were the lowest in Bungor (43 g kg-1) and the highest in Kuantan with the value of 419 g kg-1, indicative of hematite dominance shown supported by XRD analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among exchangeable base cations, carbon, nitrogen and Fe oxides in the topsoil at p<0.05. The soils were acidic and too low in macronutrients (Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+) to sustain agricultural production. Thus, applying appropriate amendments and/or fertilizers containing necessary nutrients is required to enhance soil fertility for crop production. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:39:25Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:39:25Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
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| spelling | upm-543552018-03-14T04:54:39Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/ FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia Zannah, Talha Ibrahim Jusop, Shamshuddin Che Ishaq, Fauziah Roslan, Ismail For this study, four soil series with two depth levels (0-15cm, 15-30cm) were collected namely: Bungor, Kuala Brang, Segamat and Kuantan Series. The former two represent Ultisols, while the latter two represent Oxisols in Malaysia. All the samples were subjected to Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis to determine the functional groups and mineralogical composition. All the soils were found to be acidic in nature (pH 3-5) with Al toxicity, which is an indication of low fertility. From the FTIR analysis, hydroxyl (OH-) functional group showed the presence of kaolinite [Al2Si2O5 (OH)4], halloysite and gibbsite [Al(OH)3]in both Ultisols and Oxisols. In addition, the carboxylate (C=O) stretching band (Si-O) silicate impurities confirmed the dominance of kaolinite in both soil types. The XRD analysis showed the presence of kaolinite as the major constituent in both Ultisols and Oxisols under study. Besides that, gibbsite, quartz and mica were common in the Ultisols, while mica, goethite and hematite were in trace amount in the Oxisols. Cation exchange capacity which ranged from 7.5 to 12 cmolckg-1 were low for all the soils, while exchangeable Al were above the threshold value for the growth of Al sensitive crops. This may indicate the potential of Al toxicity in the soils. Base saturation was in the range of 1.3 to 10.9%, which was very low. All soils were deficient in available P (<9.96 mg kg-1). Meanwhile, free iron (Fe2O3)contents were the lowest in Bungor (43 g kg-1) and the highest in Kuantan with the value of 419 g kg-1, indicative of hematite dominance shown supported by XRD analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among exchangeable base cations, carbon, nitrogen and Fe oxides in the topsoil at p<0.05. The soils were acidic and too low in macronutrients (Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+) to sustain agricultural production. Thus, applying appropriate amendments and/or fertilizers containing necessary nutrients is required to enhance soil fertility for crop production. Asian Online Journals 2016-08 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/1/FTIR%20and%20XRD%20analyses%20of%20highly%20weathered%20Ultisols%20and%20Oxisols%20in%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf Zannah, Talha Ibrahim and Jusop, Shamshuddin and Che Ishaq, Fauziah and Roslan, Ismail (2016) FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 4 (4). pp. 191-201. ISSN 2321-1571 https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAFS/article/view/3898 FTIR spectroscopy; XRD analysis; Acidic soil; Low CEC; Fe and/or Al availability |
| spellingShingle | FTIR spectroscopy; XRD analysis; Acidic soil; Low CEC; Fe and/or Al availability Zannah, Talha Ibrahim Jusop, Shamshuddin Che Ishaq, Fauziah Roslan, Ismail FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title | FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full | FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_short | FTIR and XRD analyses of highly weathered Ultisols and Oxisols in Peninsular Malaysia |
| title_sort | ftir and xrd analyses of highly weathered ultisols and oxisols in peninsular malaysia |
| topic | FTIR spectroscopy; XRD analysis; Acidic soil; Low CEC; Fe and/or Al availability |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/54355/1/FTIR%20and%20XRD%20analyses%20of%20highly%20weathered%20Ultisols%20and%20Oxisols%20in%20Peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |