Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production
In the present study, the mesoporous carbon@zinc (C@Zn) core-shell spheres were hydrothermally synthesized, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the surfactant and d-glucose as the pore forming agent. Then, the post-sulfonation treatment was carried out to prepare polymeric mesoporous SO3H-ZnO catalys...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/1/Post-functionalization%20of%20polymeric%20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848852328607645696 |
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| author | Soltani, Soroush Rashid, Umer Yunus, Robiah Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Al-Resayes, Saud Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Soltani, Soroush Rashid, Umer Yunus, Robiah Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Al-Resayes, Saud Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Soltani, Soroush |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In the present study, the mesoporous carbon@zinc (C@Zn) core-shell spheres were hydrothermally synthesized, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the surfactant and d-glucose as the pore forming agent. Then, the post-sulfonation treatment was carried out to prepare polymeric mesoporous SO3H-ZnO catalyst. The physicochemical, structural, textural and morphological properties of the synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), surface area analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation), temperature programed desorption (TPD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polymeric mesoporous SO3H-ZnO catalyst owned a high surface area of 396.56 m2/g with the average pore size of 3.45 nm and acid strength of 1.92 ± 0.05 mmol/g. The catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst was further studied via esterification of the palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), using a microwave-assisted technique. The biodiesel yield of 91.20% was achieved under the optimized esterification conditions as follows: the methanol to PFAD molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst concentration of 1.5 wt%, reaction temperature of 90 °C and reaction time of 15 min. The spent mesoporous catalyst was highly stable for reuse with nine continuous runs without further treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:36:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-53609 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:36:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-536092017-11-15T05:01:05Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/ Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production Soltani, Soroush Rashid, Umer Yunus, Robiah Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Al-Resayes, Saud Ibrahim In the present study, the mesoporous carbon@zinc (C@Zn) core-shell spheres were hydrothermally synthesized, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the surfactant and d-glucose as the pore forming agent. Then, the post-sulfonation treatment was carried out to prepare polymeric mesoporous SO3H-ZnO catalyst. The physicochemical, structural, textural and morphological properties of the synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), surface area analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation), temperature programed desorption (TPD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polymeric mesoporous SO3H-ZnO catalyst owned a high surface area of 396.56 m2/g with the average pore size of 3.45 nm and acid strength of 1.92 ± 0.05 mmol/g. The catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst was further studied via esterification of the palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), using a microwave-assisted technique. The biodiesel yield of 91.20% was achieved under the optimized esterification conditions as follows: the methanol to PFAD molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst concentration of 1.5 wt%, reaction temperature of 90 °C and reaction time of 15 min. The spent mesoporous catalyst was highly stable for reuse with nine continuous runs without further treatment. Elsevier 2016-12 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/1/Post-functionalization%20of%20polymeric%20.pdf Soltani, Soroush and Rashid, Umer and Yunus, Robiah and Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin and Al-Resayes, Saud Ibrahim (2016) Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production. Renewable Energy, 99. pp. 1235-1243. ISSN 0960-1481; ESSN: 1879-0682 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148116307261 10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.025 |
| spellingShingle | Soltani, Soroush Rashid, Umer Yunus, Robiah Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Al-Resayes, Saud Ibrahim Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title | Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title_full | Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title_fullStr | Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title_short | Post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous C@Zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| title_sort | post-functionalization of polymeric mesoporous c@zn coreeshell spheres used for methyl ester production |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53609/1/Post-functionalization%20of%20polymeric%20.pdf |