Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense

Basal stem rot (BSR) disease, which is caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense, is the major disease of oil palm in Malaysia and causes economic losses in the oil palm industry around the world. Plants that are treated with silicon (Si) show enhanced host resistance, perhaps because the accumulatio...

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Main Authors: Ismail, Nor Najihah, Musa, Mohamed Hanafi, Abu Seman, Idris, Hakim, Md. Abdul
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2015
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/1/Silicon%20treatment%20in%20oil%20palms%20confers%20resistance%20to%20basal%20stem%20rot%20disease%20caused%20by%20Ganoderma%20boninense.pdf
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author Ismail, Nor Najihah
Musa, Mohamed Hanafi
Abu Seman, Idris
Hakim, Md. Abdul
author_facet Ismail, Nor Najihah
Musa, Mohamed Hanafi
Abu Seman, Idris
Hakim, Md. Abdul
author_sort Ismail, Nor Najihah
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Basal stem rot (BSR) disease, which is caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense, is the major disease of oil palm in Malaysia and causes economic losses in the oil palm industry around the world. Plants that are treated with silicon (Si) show enhanced host resistance, perhaps because the accumulation of silica in host cell walls deters the pathogen from penetrating host tissues. In this study, oil palm seedlings were treated with five Si sources (silicon oxide, potassium silicate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and sodium meta-silicate) at four concentrations (0, 800, 1200, and 2000 mg L−1) to evaluate the effects of Si treatment on the growth and resistance to G. boninense of oil palm. Treatment played a role in keeping the G. boninense infection below the threshold for BSR initiation by restricting the fungus from entering and traveling through host tissues, as assessed by foliar symptoms and examinations of the root and bole for infection. At eight months after inoculation, palms in the control group, which had received no supplemental Si fertilizer, demonstrated the highest levels of disease severity, with estimated 95% cell damage and high physiological stress caused by G. boninense. Inoculation of seedlings with SiO2 at a concentration of 1200 mg L−1 was most effective in suppressing BSR and provided a 53% disease reduction compared with other treatments. Silicon nutrition also reduced the numbers of primary roots infected and of stem tissues that developed lesions.
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spelling upm-524652017-06-06T09:42:39Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/ Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense Ismail, Nor Najihah Musa, Mohamed Hanafi Abu Seman, Idris Hakim, Md. Abdul Basal stem rot (BSR) disease, which is caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense, is the major disease of oil palm in Malaysia and causes economic losses in the oil palm industry around the world. Plants that are treated with silicon (Si) show enhanced host resistance, perhaps because the accumulation of silica in host cell walls deters the pathogen from penetrating host tissues. In this study, oil palm seedlings were treated with five Si sources (silicon oxide, potassium silicate, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and sodium meta-silicate) at four concentrations (0, 800, 1200, and 2000 mg L−1) to evaluate the effects of Si treatment on the growth and resistance to G. boninense of oil palm. Treatment played a role in keeping the G. boninense infection below the threshold for BSR initiation by restricting the fungus from entering and traveling through host tissues, as assessed by foliar symptoms and examinations of the root and bole for infection. At eight months after inoculation, palms in the control group, which had received no supplemental Si fertilizer, demonstrated the highest levels of disease severity, with estimated 95% cell damage and high physiological stress caused by G. boninense. Inoculation of seedlings with SiO2 at a concentration of 1200 mg L−1 was most effective in suppressing BSR and provided a 53% disease reduction compared with other treatments. Silicon nutrition also reduced the numbers of primary roots infected and of stem tissues that developed lesions. Elsevier 2015 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/1/Silicon%20treatment%20in%20oil%20palms%20confers%20resistance%20to%20basal%20stem%20rot%20disease%20caused%20by%20Ganoderma%20boninense.pdf Ismail, Nor Najihah and Musa, Mohamed Hanafi and Abu Seman, Idris and Hakim, Md. Abdul (2015) Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Crop Protection, 67. pp. 151-159. ISSN 0261-2194; ESSN: 1873-6904 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261219414003160 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.10.004
spellingShingle Ismail, Nor Najihah
Musa, Mohamed Hanafi
Abu Seman, Idris
Hakim, Md. Abdul
Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title_full Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title_fullStr Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title_full_unstemmed Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title_short Silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma boninense
title_sort silicon treatment in oil palms confers resistance to basal stem rot disease caused by ganoderma boninense
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52465/1/Silicon%20treatment%20in%20oil%20palms%20confers%20resistance%20to%20basal%20stem%20rot%20disease%20caused%20by%20Ganoderma%20boninense.pdf