Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample
We report on an investigation to unravel the dependence of magnetic properties on microstructure while they evolve in parallel under the influence of sintering temperature of a single sample of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 synthesized via mechanical alloying. A single sample, instead of the normally practiced ap...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/1/Evolving%20microstructure%2C%20magnetic%20properties%20and%20phase%20transition%20in%20a%20mechanically%20alloyed%20Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4%20single%20sample.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848852035767631872 |
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| author | Ismail, Ismayadi Hashim, Mansor Kanagesan, Samikannu Ibrahim, Idza Riati Nazlan, Rodziah Wan Ab Rahman, Wan Norailiana Abdullah, Nor Hapishah Mohd Idris, Fadzidah Bahmanrokh, Ghazaleh Shafie, Mohd Shamsul Ezzad Manap, Masni |
| author_facet | Ismail, Ismayadi Hashim, Mansor Kanagesan, Samikannu Ibrahim, Idza Riati Nazlan, Rodziah Wan Ab Rahman, Wan Norailiana Abdullah, Nor Hapishah Mohd Idris, Fadzidah Bahmanrokh, Ghazaleh Shafie, Mohd Shamsul Ezzad Manap, Masni |
| author_sort | Ismail, Ismayadi |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | We report on an investigation to unravel the dependence of magnetic properties on microstructure while they evolve in parallel under the influence of sintering temperature of a single sample of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 synthesized via mechanical alloying. A single sample, instead of the normally practiced approach of using multiple samples, was sintered at various sintering temperatures from 500 °C to 1400 °C. The morphology of the samples was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDX; density measurement was conducted using the Archimedes principle; and hysteresis measurement was carried out using a B–H hysteresisgraph system. XRD data showed that the first appearance of a single phase was at 800 °C and an amorphous phase was traced at lower sintering temperatures. We correlated the microstructure and the magnetic properties and showed that the important grain-size threshold for the appearance of significant ordered magnetism (mainly ferromagnetism) was about ≥0.3 µm. We found that there were three stages of magnetic phase evolution produced via the sintering process with increasing temperatures. The first stage was dominated by paramagnetic states with some superparamagnetic behavior; the second stage was influenced by moderately ferromagnetic states and some paramagnetic states; and the third stage consisted of strongly ferromagnetic states with negligible paramagnetic states. We found that three factors sensitively influenced the sample's content of ordered magnetism—the ferrite-phase crystallinity degree, the number of grains above the critical grain size and the number of large enough grains for domain wall accommodation. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:31:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-52180 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:31:41Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-521802017-06-05T04:27:11Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/ Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample Ismail, Ismayadi Hashim, Mansor Kanagesan, Samikannu Ibrahim, Idza Riati Nazlan, Rodziah Wan Ab Rahman, Wan Norailiana Abdullah, Nor Hapishah Mohd Idris, Fadzidah Bahmanrokh, Ghazaleh Shafie, Mohd Shamsul Ezzad Manap, Masni We report on an investigation to unravel the dependence of magnetic properties on microstructure while they evolve in parallel under the influence of sintering temperature of a single sample of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 synthesized via mechanical alloying. A single sample, instead of the normally practiced approach of using multiple samples, was sintered at various sintering temperatures from 500 °C to 1400 °C. The morphology of the samples was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDX; density measurement was conducted using the Archimedes principle; and hysteresis measurement was carried out using a B–H hysteresisgraph system. XRD data showed that the first appearance of a single phase was at 800 °C and an amorphous phase was traced at lower sintering temperatures. We correlated the microstructure and the magnetic properties and showed that the important grain-size threshold for the appearance of significant ordered magnetism (mainly ferromagnetism) was about ≥0.3 µm. We found that there were three stages of magnetic phase evolution produced via the sintering process with increasing temperatures. The first stage was dominated by paramagnetic states with some superparamagnetic behavior; the second stage was influenced by moderately ferromagnetic states and some paramagnetic states; and the third stage consisted of strongly ferromagnetic states with negligible paramagnetic states. We found that three factors sensitively influenced the sample's content of ordered magnetism—the ferrite-phase crystallinity degree, the number of grains above the critical grain size and the number of large enough grains for domain wall accommodation. Elsevier 2014 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/1/Evolving%20microstructure%2C%20magnetic%20properties%20and%20phase%20transition%20in%20a%20mechanically%20alloyed%20Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4%20single%20sample.pdf Ismail, Ismayadi and Hashim, Mansor and Kanagesan, Samikannu and Ibrahim, Idza Riati and Nazlan, Rodziah and Wan Ab Rahman, Wan Norailiana and Abdullah, Nor Hapishah and Mohd Idris, Fadzidah and Bahmanrokh, Ghazaleh and Shafie, Mohd Shamsul Ezzad and Manap, Masni (2014) Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 351. pp. 16-24. ISSN 0304-8853 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304885313007002 10.1016/j.jmmm.2013.09.041 |
| spellingShingle | Ismail, Ismayadi Hashim, Mansor Kanagesan, Samikannu Ibrahim, Idza Riati Nazlan, Rodziah Wan Ab Rahman, Wan Norailiana Abdullah, Nor Hapishah Mohd Idris, Fadzidah Bahmanrokh, Ghazaleh Shafie, Mohd Shamsul Ezzad Manap, Masni Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title | Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title_full | Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title_fullStr | Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title_short | Evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single sample |
| title_sort | evolving microstructure, magnetic properties and phase transition in a mechanically alloyed ni0.5zn0.5fe2o4 single sample |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52180/1/Evolving%20microstructure%2C%20magnetic%20properties%20and%20phase%20transition%20in%20a%20mechanically%20alloyed%20Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4%20single%20sample.pdf |