Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking
Understanding the dynamic behaviour of oven temperature is important to ensure proper temperature control during baking. This paper presents the development of an empirical model for the cake baking process with airflow. Increasing the airflow velocity to 100% and the baking temperature by 10°C redu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia
2015
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/1/Empirical%20modelling%20of%20the%20effect%20of%20airflow%20on%20oven%20temperature%20control%20in%20cake%20baking.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848851998213931008 |
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| author | Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah Taip, Farah Saleena Ab. Aziz, Norashikin Ahmedov, Anvarjon |
| author_facet | Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah Taip, Farah Saleena Ab. Aziz, Norashikin Ahmedov, Anvarjon |
| author_sort | Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Understanding the dynamic behaviour of oven temperature is important to ensure proper temperature control during baking. This paper presents the development of an empirical model for the cake baking process with airflow. Increasing the airflow velocity to 100% and the baking temperature by 10°C reduced the temperature overshoot by 75%–86% at the oven centre. The resulting moisture contents of the cakes exhibited 8% differences or less. Empirical models were developed by applying step changes in the baking temperature and airflow velocity and can be represented by second-order-plus-time-delay (SOPTD). The response to changes in airflow was 61% faster compared to changes in baking temperature, which indicated that airflow is more significant in influencing convection heat transfer during baking. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:31:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-52043 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:31:05Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-520432017-05-05T02:32:28Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/ Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah Taip, Farah Saleena Ab. Aziz, Norashikin Ahmedov, Anvarjon Understanding the dynamic behaviour of oven temperature is important to ensure proper temperature control during baking. This paper presents the development of an empirical model for the cake baking process with airflow. Increasing the airflow velocity to 100% and the baking temperature by 10°C reduced the temperature overshoot by 75%–86% at the oven centre. The resulting moisture contents of the cakes exhibited 8% differences or less. Empirical models were developed by applying step changes in the baking temperature and airflow velocity and can be represented by second-order-plus-time-delay (SOPTD). The response to changes in airflow was 61% faster compared to changes in baking temperature, which indicated that airflow is more significant in influencing convection heat transfer during baking. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia 2015 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/1/Empirical%20modelling%20of%20the%20effect%20of%20airflow%20on%20oven%20temperature%20control%20in%20cake%20baking.pdf Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah and Taip, Farah Saleena and Ab. Aziz, Norashikin and Ahmedov, Anvarjon (2015) Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking. Journal of Engineering Science, 11. pp. 49-58. ISSN 1823-3430; ESSN: 2180-4214 http://web.usm.my/jes/11_2015.html |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Shahapuzi, Nur Syafikah Taip, Farah Saleena Ab. Aziz, Norashikin Ahmedov, Anvarjon Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title | Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title_full | Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title_fullStr | Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title_full_unstemmed | Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title_short | Empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| title_sort | empirical modelling of the effect of airflow on oven temperature control in cake baking |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/52043/1/Empirical%20modelling%20of%20the%20effect%20of%20airflow%20on%20oven%20temperature%20control%20in%20cake%20baking.pdf |