Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene
In this study, d-limonene as green solvent was used as an alternative to n-hexane to recover the residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from the OPDC. The OPDC obtained from the palm oil mill contained about 12.55±3.15% (dry basis) of RCPO. Similar as n-hexane, the results proved that d-limonene as solvent...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
2015
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/1/Recovery%20of%20residual%20crude%20palm%20oil%20%28RCPO%29%20from%20oil%20palm%20decanter%20cake%20%28OPDC%29%20using%20D-limonene.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848850593373749248 |
|---|---|
| author | Sahad, Naimah Md. Som, Ayub Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan Busu, Zainuri Sulaiman, Alawi |
| author_facet | Sahad, Naimah Md. Som, Ayub Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan Busu, Zainuri Sulaiman, Alawi |
| author_sort | Sahad, Naimah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In this study, d-limonene as green solvent was used as an alternative to n-hexane to recover the residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from the OPDC. The OPDC obtained from the palm oil mill contained about 12.55±3.15% (dry basis) of RCPO. Similar as n-hexane, the results proved that d-limonene as solvent was able to recover 100% of the RCPO from the OPDC successfully. The recyclable of d-limonene was 90%, higher than n-hexane (70%) and not much variation on fatty acids composition of extracted RCPO were observed. To ensure complete RCPO recovery, microscopic observation and FTIR spectra analysis on OPDC before and after the extraction were performed. This study concludes that d-limonene is comparable to n-hexane. However, the residual oil is classified as non-edible as it is not extracted via mechanical method. Therefore, further analysis is necessary in order to determine the potential use of the residual oils in other industries such as pharmaceutical, food packaging, fiberboard manufacturing and others. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:08:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-46096 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:08:45Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Trans Tech Publications Ltd. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-460962022-03-23T04:22:39Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/ Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene Sahad, Naimah Md. Som, Ayub Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan Busu, Zainuri Sulaiman, Alawi In this study, d-limonene as green solvent was used as an alternative to n-hexane to recover the residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from the OPDC. The OPDC obtained from the palm oil mill contained about 12.55±3.15% (dry basis) of RCPO. Similar as n-hexane, the results proved that d-limonene as solvent was able to recover 100% of the RCPO from the OPDC successfully. The recyclable of d-limonene was 90%, higher than n-hexane (70%) and not much variation on fatty acids composition of extracted RCPO were observed. To ensure complete RCPO recovery, microscopic observation and FTIR spectra analysis on OPDC before and after the extraction were performed. This study concludes that d-limonene is comparable to n-hexane. However, the residual oil is classified as non-edible as it is not extracted via mechanical method. Therefore, further analysis is necessary in order to determine the potential use of the residual oils in other industries such as pharmaceutical, food packaging, fiberboard manufacturing and others. Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 2015 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/1/Recovery%20of%20residual%20crude%20palm%20oil%20%28RCPO%29%20from%20oil%20palm%20decanter%20cake%20%28OPDC%29%20using%20D-limonene.pdf Sahad, Naimah and Md. Som, Ayub and Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu and Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan and Busu, Zainuri and Sulaiman, Alawi (2015) Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene. Advanced Materials Research, 1113. pp. 405-410. ISSN 1022-6680; ESSN: 1662-8985 https://www.scientific.net/AMR.1113.405 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1113.405 |
| spellingShingle | Sahad, Naimah Md. Som, Ayub Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan Busu, Zainuri Sulaiman, Alawi Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title | Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title_full | Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title_fullStr | Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title_short | Recovery of residual crude palm oil (RCPO) from oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) using D-limonene |
| title_sort | recovery of residual crude palm oil (rcpo) from oil palm decanter cake (opdc) using d-limonene |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/46096/1/Recovery%20of%20residual%20crude%20palm%20oil%20%28RCPO%29%20from%20oil%20palm%20decanter%20cake%20%28OPDC%29%20using%20D-limonene.pdf |