Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites
In this study, the effects of lignin modification on the properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites were examined. A weight percent gain (WPG) value of 30.21% was recorded after the lignin were modified with maleic anhydride. Lower mechanical properties were obs...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/1/38209.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848848815992340480 |
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| author | Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen Kim, Hyun Joong Md. Tahir, Paridah Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Lee, Seng Hua Lee, Ching Hao |
| author_facet | Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen Kim, Hyun Joong Md. Tahir, Paridah Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Lee, Seng Hua Lee, Ching Hao |
| author_sort | Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In this study, the effects of lignin modification on the properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites were examined. A weight percent gain (WPG) value of 30.21% was recorded after the lignin were modified with maleic anhydride. Lower mechanical properties were observed for lignin composites because of incompatible bonding between the hydrophobic matrix and the hydrophilic lignin. Modified lignin (ML) was found to have a better interfacial bonding, since maleic anhydrides remove most of the hydrophilic hydrogen bonding (this was proven by a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer—a reduction of broadband near 3400 cm−1, corresponding to the –OH stretching vibration of hydroxyl groups for the ML samples). On the other hand, ML was found to have a slightly lower glass transition temperature, Tg, since reactions with maleic anhydride destroy most of the intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, resulting in a softer structure at elevated temperatures. The addition of kraft lignin was found to increase the thermal stability of the PBS polymer composites, while modified kraft lignin showed higher thermal stability than pure kraft lignin and possessed delayed onset thermal degradation temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-38209 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:30Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
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| spelling | upm-382092020-05-04T15:58:11Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/ Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen Kim, Hyun Joong Md. Tahir, Paridah Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Lee, Seng Hua Lee, Ching Hao In this study, the effects of lignin modification on the properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites were examined. A weight percent gain (WPG) value of 30.21% was recorded after the lignin were modified with maleic anhydride. Lower mechanical properties were observed for lignin composites because of incompatible bonding between the hydrophobic matrix and the hydrophilic lignin. Modified lignin (ML) was found to have a better interfacial bonding, since maleic anhydrides remove most of the hydrophilic hydrogen bonding (this was proven by a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer—a reduction of broadband near 3400 cm−1, corresponding to the –OH stretching vibration of hydroxyl groups for the ML samples). On the other hand, ML was found to have a slightly lower glass transition temperature, Tg, since reactions with maleic anhydride destroy most of the intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, resulting in a softer structure at elevated temperatures. The addition of kraft lignin was found to increase the thermal stability of the PBS polymer composites, while modified kraft lignin showed higher thermal stability than pure kraft lignin and possessed delayed onset thermal degradation temperature. MDPI 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/1/38209.pdf Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen and Kim, Hyun Joong and Md. Tahir, Paridah and Ibrahim, Nor Azowa and Lee, Seng Hua and Lee, Ching Hao (2019) Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites. Materials, 12 (24). art. no. 4043. pp. 1-10. ISSN 1996-1944 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/24/4043 10.3390/ma12244043 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Saffian, Harmaen Kim, Hyun Joong Md. Tahir, Paridah Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Lee, Seng Hua Lee, Ching Hao Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title | Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title_full | Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title_fullStr | Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title_short | Effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| title_sort | effect of lignin modification on properties of kenaf core fiber reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38209/1/38209.pdf |