Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells
Gluconasturtiin, a glucosinolate present in watercress, is hydrolysed by myrosinase to form gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC), which has potential chemopreventive effects; however, the underlying mechanisms of action have not been explored, mainly in human cell lines. The purpose of the stud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/1/38128.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848848792855511040 |
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| author | Arumugam, Asvinidevi Ibrahim, Muhammad Din Kntayya, Saie Brindha Mohd Ain, Nooraini Iori, Renato Galletti, Stefania Ioannides, Costas Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal |
| author_facet | Arumugam, Asvinidevi Ibrahim, Muhammad Din Kntayya, Saie Brindha Mohd Ain, Nooraini Iori, Renato Galletti, Stefania Ioannides, Costas Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal |
| author_sort | Arumugam, Asvinidevi |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Gluconasturtiin, a glucosinolate present in watercress, is hydrolysed by myrosinase to form gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC), which has potential chemopreventive effects; however, the underlying mechanisms of action have not been explored, mainly in human cell lines. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GNST-ITC and to further assess its potential to induce apoptosis. GNST-ITC inhibited cell proliferation in both human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells with IC50 values of 7.83 µM and 5.02 µM, respectively. Morphological changes as a result of GNST-ITC-induced apoptosis showed chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and membrane blebbing. Additionally, Annexin V assay showed proportion of cells in early and late apoptosis upon exposure to GNST-ITC in a time-dependent manner. To delineate the mechanism of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and expression of caspases were studied. GNST-ITC induced a time-dependent G2/M phase arrest, with reduction of 82% and 93% in HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. The same treatment also led to the subsequent expression of caspase-3/7 and -9 in both cells demonstrating mitochondrial-associated cell death. Collectively, these results reveal that GNST-ITC can inhibit cell proliferation and can induce cell death in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells via apoptosis, highlighting its potential development as an anticancer agent. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-38128 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-381282020-05-03T22:53:31Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/ Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells Arumugam, Asvinidevi Ibrahim, Muhammad Din Kntayya, Saie Brindha Mohd Ain, Nooraini Iori, Renato Galletti, Stefania Ioannides, Costas Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Gluconasturtiin, a glucosinolate present in watercress, is hydrolysed by myrosinase to form gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC), which has potential chemopreventive effects; however, the underlying mechanisms of action have not been explored, mainly in human cell lines. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GNST-ITC and to further assess its potential to induce apoptosis. GNST-ITC inhibited cell proliferation in both human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells with IC50 values of 7.83 µM and 5.02 µM, respectively. Morphological changes as a result of GNST-ITC-induced apoptosis showed chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and membrane blebbing. Additionally, Annexin V assay showed proportion of cells in early and late apoptosis upon exposure to GNST-ITC in a time-dependent manner. To delineate the mechanism of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and expression of caspases were studied. GNST-ITC induced a time-dependent G2/M phase arrest, with reduction of 82% and 93% in HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. The same treatment also led to the subsequent expression of caspase-3/7 and -9 in both cells demonstrating mitochondrial-associated cell death. Collectively, these results reveal that GNST-ITC can inhibit cell proliferation and can induce cell death in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells via apoptosis, highlighting its potential development as an anticancer agent. MDPI 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/1/38128.pdf Arumugam, Asvinidevi and Ibrahim, Muhammad Din and Kntayya, Saie Brindha and Mohd Ain, Nooraini and Iori, Renato and Galletti, Stefania and Ioannides, Costas and Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal (2020) Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. Molecules, 25 (5). art. no. 1240. pp. 1-16. ISSN 1420-3049 https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/5/1240 10.3390/molecules25051240 |
| spellingShingle | Arumugam, Asvinidevi Ibrahim, Muhammad Din Kntayya, Saie Brindha Mohd Ain, Nooraini Iori, Renato Galletti, Stefania Ioannides, Costas Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title | Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title_full | Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title_fullStr | Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title_short | Induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (GNST-ITC) in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells |
| title_sort | induction of apoptosis by gluconasturtiin-isothiocyanate (gnst-itc) in human hepatocarcinoma hepg2 cells and human breast adenocarcinoma mcf-7 cells |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38128/1/38128.pdf |