N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis
Chemical carcinogens are commonly used to investigate the biology and prognoses of various cancers. This study investigated the mechanism of leukaemogenic effects of n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea (ENU) in a mouse model. A total of 14 3-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR)-mice were used for the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/1/38121.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848848790827565056 |
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| author | Abdullahi, Aliyu Shaari, Mohd Rosly Ahmad Sayuti, Nurul Syahirah Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif Sithambaram, Shanmugavelu Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Shaari, Khozirah Hamzah, Hazilawati |
| author_facet | Abdullahi, Aliyu Shaari, Mohd Rosly Ahmad Sayuti, Nurul Syahirah Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif Sithambaram, Shanmugavelu Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Shaari, Khozirah Hamzah, Hazilawati |
| author_sort | Abdullahi, Aliyu |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Chemical carcinogens are commonly used to investigate the biology and prognoses of various cancers. This study investigated the mechanism of leukaemogenic effects of n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea (ENU) in a mouse model. A total of 14 3-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR)-mice were used for the study. The mice were divided into groups A and B with seven mice each. Group A served as the control while group B received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 80 mg/kg ENU twice with a one-week interval and were monitored monthly for 3 months for the development of leukaemia via blood smear examination. The mice were sacrificed humanely using a CO2 chamber. Blood, spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidney and lung samples were collected for blood smear examination and histopathological evaluation. The expression of angiogenic protein (VEGF), and pro and anti-apoptotic proteins (BCL2 and BAX), was detected and quantified using Western blot technique. Leukaemia was confirmed by the presence of numerous blast cells in the peripheral blood smear in group B. Similarly, the VEGF and BCL2 proteins were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in group B compared to A. It is concluded that IP administration of 80 mg/kg ENU induced leukaemia in ICR-mice 12 weeks post administration through upregulation of angiogenic and anti-apoptotic proteins: VEGF and BCL2. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-38121 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:40:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-381212020-05-03T22:52:22Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/ N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis Abdullahi, Aliyu Shaari, Mohd Rosly Ahmad Sayuti, Nurul Syahirah Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif Sithambaram, Shanmugavelu Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Shaari, Khozirah Hamzah, Hazilawati Chemical carcinogens are commonly used to investigate the biology and prognoses of various cancers. This study investigated the mechanism of leukaemogenic effects of n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea (ENU) in a mouse model. A total of 14 3-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR)-mice were used for the study. The mice were divided into groups A and B with seven mice each. Group A served as the control while group B received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 80 mg/kg ENU twice with a one-week interval and were monitored monthly for 3 months for the development of leukaemia via blood smear examination. The mice were sacrificed humanely using a CO2 chamber. Blood, spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidney and lung samples were collected for blood smear examination and histopathological evaluation. The expression of angiogenic protein (VEGF), and pro and anti-apoptotic proteins (BCL2 and BAX), was detected and quantified using Western blot technique. Leukaemia was confirmed by the presence of numerous blast cells in the peripheral blood smear in group B. Similarly, the VEGF and BCL2 proteins were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in group B compared to A. It is concluded that IP administration of 80 mg/kg ENU induced leukaemia in ICR-mice 12 weeks post administration through upregulation of angiogenic and anti-apoptotic proteins: VEGF and BCL2. MDPI 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/1/38121.pdf Abdullahi, Aliyu and Shaari, Mohd Rosly and Ahmad Sayuti, Nurul Syahirah and Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif and Sithambaram, Shanmugavelu and Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin and Shaari, Khozirah and Hamzah, Hazilawati (2020) N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis. Cancers, 12 (3). art. no. 678. pp. 1-19. ISSN 2072-6694 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/3/678 10.3390/cancers12030678 |
| spellingShingle | Abdullahi, Aliyu Shaari, Mohd Rosly Ahmad Sayuti, Nurul Syahirah Reduan, Mohd Farhan Hanif Sithambaram, Shanmugavelu Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Shaari, Khozirah Hamzah, Hazilawati N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title | N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title_full | N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title_short | N-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| title_sort | n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea induced leukaemia in a mouse model through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and evading apoptosis |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38121/1/38121.pdf |