A survey of water consumption and product output from ten sago factories in India
Most of the tapioca processing units in India separate starch from slurry by employing the gravity settling method. Sedimentation in settling tanks allows the contact of starch with water. This process leads to fermentation in which alcohols and organic acids are formed and polluting the environmen...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
2006
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/1/A_Survey_of_Water_Consumption_and_Product_Output_from.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848839591744765952 |
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| author | A., Manickavasagan K., Thangavel |
| author_facet | A., Manickavasagan K., Thangavel |
| author_sort | A., Manickavasagan |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Most of the tapioca processing units in India separate starch from slurry by employing the gravity settling method.
Sedimentation in settling tanks allows the contact of starch with water. This process leads to fermentation in which alcohols and organic acids are formed and polluting the environment. Wastewater from tapioca processing factories contain high chemical oxygen demand (11,077-19, 083 mg t l), low pH (4.33-5.60) and causes pollution. The effluent from tapioca industries is acidic and organic in nature, contributing biological oxygen demand in the range of 1500 to 2000 g mojo Inorganic constituents like phosphate, sulphate, chloride, and several metals are also found in trace quantities. This paper explains the water consumption, product output and effluent generation in tapioca processing industries. The average water requirement was 4.512 ml to process 1000 kg ofcassava tubers. When the tubers are used for starch manufacture, a product yield of 16. 7% starch, 1.6% dirty starch and 7.0% thippi were obtained, and 18.6% sago, 1.8% dirty starch, 19.1% peel and 3.9% thippi were obtained when the tubers are used for sago manufacture. About 95% of the consumed water is leaving the factory as effluent. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:13:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-3662 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:13:53Z |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publisher | Universiti Putra Malaysia Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-36622015-09-17T01:30:48Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/ A survey of water consumption and product output from ten sago factories in India A., Manickavasagan K., Thangavel Most of the tapioca processing units in India separate starch from slurry by employing the gravity settling method. Sedimentation in settling tanks allows the contact of starch with water. This process leads to fermentation in which alcohols and organic acids are formed and polluting the environment. Wastewater from tapioca processing factories contain high chemical oxygen demand (11,077-19, 083 mg t l), low pH (4.33-5.60) and causes pollution. The effluent from tapioca industries is acidic and organic in nature, contributing biological oxygen demand in the range of 1500 to 2000 g mojo Inorganic constituents like phosphate, sulphate, chloride, and several metals are also found in trace quantities. This paper explains the water consumption, product output and effluent generation in tapioca processing industries. The average water requirement was 4.512 ml to process 1000 kg ofcassava tubers. When the tubers are used for starch manufacture, a product yield of 16. 7% starch, 1.6% dirty starch and 7.0% thippi were obtained, and 18.6% sago, 1.8% dirty starch, 19.1% peel and 3.9% thippi were obtained when the tubers are used for sago manufacture. About 95% of the consumed water is leaving the factory as effluent. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2006 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/1/A_Survey_of_Water_Consumption_and_Product_Output_from.pdf A., Manickavasagan and K., Thangavel (2006) A survey of water consumption and product output from ten sago factories in India. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 29 (1 & 2). pp. 67-72. ISSN 1511-3701 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/Pertanika%20PAPERS/JTAS%20Vol.%2029%20(1&2)%20Mar.%202006/08%20JTAS%20Vol.29%20(1&2)%202006%20(Pg%2067-72).pdf |
| spellingShingle | A., Manickavasagan K., Thangavel A survey of water consumption and product output from ten sago factories in India |
| title | A survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in India |
| title_full | A survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in India |
| title_fullStr | A survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | A survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in India |
| title_short | A survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in India |
| title_sort | survey of water consumption and product output from
ten sago factories in india |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3662/1/A_Survey_of_Water_Consumption_and_Product_Output_from.pdf |