Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley
Poor indoor air quality can be particularly harmful to children and interfere with the growth of their lung function as they spend much of their time indoors. In order to understand the mechanism of exposure in the airways, biomarkers were used as a surrogate for biological responses towards indoor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Science Publications
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/1/ajassp.2014.1616.1630.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848848184282972160 |
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| author | Jalaludin, Juliana Syed Noh, Sharifah Nazariah Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha Md. Akim, Abdah |
| author_facet | Jalaludin, Juliana Syed Noh, Sharifah Nazariah Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha Md. Akim, Abdah |
| author_sort | Jalaludin, Juliana |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Poor indoor air quality can be particularly harmful to children and interfere with the growth of their lung function as they spend much of their time indoors. In order to understand the mechanism of exposure in the airways, biomarkers were used as a surrogate for biological responses towards indoor air pollutants. This study aims to investigate the association between indoor air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10 and NO2) among school children in different area of urban and rural site in Klang Valley. A cross sectional comparative study was conducted among 430 healthy schoolchildren from a national primary school. Methods involved questionnaires based on American Thoracic Society and sputum samples for biomarkers assay. Indoor exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 (Dust Trak Aerosol Monitor) and NO2 (LaMotte Air Sampler) were measured in the classroom. Mean concentration of PM2.5 (50.72 µg/m3) in urban schools were significantly higher compared to rural (28.36 µg/m3) school. Similar trend found in indoor level of PM10 in urban and rural schools with 87.04 µg/m3 and 56.76 µg/m3 respectively. The mean exposure level of NO2 of urban schools (0.12 ppm) is nearly 4 times higher than the level in rural areas (0.032 ppm). A significant association was found between indoor air concentrations (PM2.5 and PM10) with TNF-alpha level. Children from rural areas are exposed to less air pollutants compared to those from urban area and this study also suggests that higher exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 are associated with increasing of TNF-alpha level. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:30:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-35903 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:30:28Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Science Publications |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-359032017-11-28T04:21:02Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/ Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley Jalaludin, Juliana Syed Noh, Sharifah Nazariah Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha Md. Akim, Abdah Poor indoor air quality can be particularly harmful to children and interfere with the growth of their lung function as they spend much of their time indoors. In order to understand the mechanism of exposure in the airways, biomarkers were used as a surrogate for biological responses towards indoor air pollutants. This study aims to investigate the association between indoor air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10 and NO2) among school children in different area of urban and rural site in Klang Valley. A cross sectional comparative study was conducted among 430 healthy schoolchildren from a national primary school. Methods involved questionnaires based on American Thoracic Society and sputum samples for biomarkers assay. Indoor exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 (Dust Trak Aerosol Monitor) and NO2 (LaMotte Air Sampler) were measured in the classroom. Mean concentration of PM2.5 (50.72 µg/m3) in urban schools were significantly higher compared to rural (28.36 µg/m3) school. Similar trend found in indoor level of PM10 in urban and rural schools with 87.04 µg/m3 and 56.76 µg/m3 respectively. The mean exposure level of NO2 of urban schools (0.12 ppm) is nearly 4 times higher than the level in rural areas (0.032 ppm). A significant association was found between indoor air concentrations (PM2.5 and PM10) with TNF-alpha level. Children from rural areas are exposed to less air pollutants compared to those from urban area and this study also suggests that higher exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 are associated with increasing of TNF-alpha level. Science Publications 2014 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/1/ajassp.2014.1616.1630.pdf Jalaludin, Juliana and Syed Noh, Sharifah Nazariah and Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha and Md. Akim, Abdah (2014) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 11 (9). pp. 1616-1630. ISSN 1546-9239; ESSN: 1554-3641 http://thescipub.com/abstract/10.3844/ajassp.2014.1616.1630 10.3844/ajassp.2014.1616.1630 |
| spellingShingle | Jalaludin, Juliana Syed Noh, Sharifah Nazariah Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha Md. Akim, Abdah Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title_full | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title_fullStr | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title_short | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in Klang Valley |
| title_sort | tumor necrosis factor-alpha as biomarkers of exposure to indoor pollutants among primary school children in klang valley |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35903/1/ajassp.2014.1616.1630.pdf |