Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions
A study was conducted to determine whether supplementing AminoGut (a commercial dietary supplement containing a mixture of l-glutamine and l-glutamic acid) to broiler chickens stocked at 2 different densities affected performance, physiological stress responses, foot pad dermatitis incidence, and in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/1/Response%20to%20dietary%20supplementation%20of%20L.pdf |
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| author | Shakeri, Majid Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani O'Reilly, E. L. Eckersall, Peter David Amir, Anna Aryani Ramiah, Suriya Kumari Abdullah, Faez Firdaus Jesse |
| author_facet | Shakeri, Majid Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani O'Reilly, E. L. Eckersall, Peter David Amir, Anna Aryani Ramiah, Suriya Kumari Abdullah, Faez Firdaus Jesse |
| author_sort | Shakeri, Majid |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A study was conducted to determine whether supplementing AminoGut (a commercial dietary supplement containing a mixture of l-glutamine and l-glutamic acid) to broiler chickens stocked at 2 different densities affected performance, physiological stress responses, foot pad dermatitis incidence, and intestinal morphology and microflora. A randomized design in a factorial arrangement with 4 diets [basal diet, basal diet + 0.5% AminoGut from d 1 to 21, basal diet + 0.5% AminoGut from d 1 to 42, and basal diet + virginiamycin (0.02%) for d 1 to 42] and 2 stocking densities [0.100 m2/bird (23 birds/pen; LD) or 0.067 m2/bird (35 birds/pen; HD)]. Results showed that villi length and crypt depth were not changed by different dietary treatments. However, birds in the HD group had smaller villi (P = 0.03) compared with those of the LD group. Regardless of diet, HD consistently increased the serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin, α-1 acid glycoprotein, ovotransferin, and corticosterone (P = 0.0007), and elevated heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (0.0005). Neither AminoGut supplementation nor stocking density affected cecal microflora counts. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, dietary supplementation of AminoGut, irrespective of stocking density, had no beneficial effect on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and physiological adaptive responses of broiler chickens raised under hot and humid tropical conditions. However, AminoGut supplementation from d 1 to 42 was beneficial in reducing mortality rate. Also, the increased serum concentrations of a wide range of acute phase proteins together with elevated corticosterone and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio suggested that high stocking density induced an acute phase response either indirectly as a result of increased incidence of inflammatory diseases such as foot pad dermatitis or possibly as a direct physiological response to the stress of high stocking density. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:27:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-35246 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:27:33Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-352462016-02-12T01:11:11Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/ Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions Shakeri, Majid Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani O'Reilly, E. L. Eckersall, Peter David Amir, Anna Aryani Ramiah, Suriya Kumari Abdullah, Faez Firdaus Jesse A study was conducted to determine whether supplementing AminoGut (a commercial dietary supplement containing a mixture of l-glutamine and l-glutamic acid) to broiler chickens stocked at 2 different densities affected performance, physiological stress responses, foot pad dermatitis incidence, and intestinal morphology and microflora. A randomized design in a factorial arrangement with 4 diets [basal diet, basal diet + 0.5% AminoGut from d 1 to 21, basal diet + 0.5% AminoGut from d 1 to 42, and basal diet + virginiamycin (0.02%) for d 1 to 42] and 2 stocking densities [0.100 m2/bird (23 birds/pen; LD) or 0.067 m2/bird (35 birds/pen; HD)]. Results showed that villi length and crypt depth were not changed by different dietary treatments. However, birds in the HD group had smaller villi (P = 0.03) compared with those of the LD group. Regardless of diet, HD consistently increased the serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin, α-1 acid glycoprotein, ovotransferin, and corticosterone (P = 0.0007), and elevated heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (0.0005). Neither AminoGut supplementation nor stocking density affected cecal microflora counts. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, dietary supplementation of AminoGut, irrespective of stocking density, had no beneficial effect on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and physiological adaptive responses of broiler chickens raised under hot and humid tropical conditions. However, AminoGut supplementation from d 1 to 42 was beneficial in reducing mortality rate. Also, the increased serum concentrations of a wide range of acute phase proteins together with elevated corticosterone and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio suggested that high stocking density induced an acute phase response either indirectly as a result of increased incidence of inflammatory diseases such as foot pad dermatitis or possibly as a direct physiological response to the stress of high stocking density. Oxford University Press 2014-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/1/Response%20to%20dietary%20supplementation%20of%20L.pdf Shakeri, Majid and Idrus, Zulkifli and Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani and O'Reilly, E. L. and Eckersall, Peter David and Amir, Anna Aryani and Ramiah, Suriya Kumari and Abdullah, Faez Firdaus Jesse (2014) Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions. Poultry Science, 93 (11). 2700 -2708. ISSN 0032-5791; ESSN: 1525-3171 http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/11/2700.abstract 10.3382/ps.2014-03910 |
| spellingShingle | Shakeri, Majid Idrus, Zulkifli Farjam, Abdoreza Soleimani O'Reilly, E. L. Eckersall, Peter David Amir, Anna Aryani Ramiah, Suriya Kumari Abdullah, Faez Firdaus Jesse Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title | Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title_full | Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title_fullStr | Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title_short | Response to dietary supplementation of L-glutamine and L-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| title_sort | response to dietary supplementation of l-glutamine and l-glutamate in broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities under the hot, humid tropical conditions |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35246/1/Response%20to%20dietary%20supplementation%20of%20L.pdf |