Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa
Acid sulfate soils occur sporadically in the coastal plains of countries throughout the globe. The soils are characterized by a low pH and the presence of sulfuric horizon, overlying sulfidic materials, mostly pyrite (FeS2). This pyrite is readily oxidized when the soils are drained to make way for...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book Section |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/1/Properties%20and%20management%20of%20acid%20sulfate%20soils%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20for%20sustainable%20cultivation%20of%20rice%2C%20oil%20palm%2C%20and%20cocoa.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848847955776241664 |
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| author | Jusop, Shamsuddin Azman, Elisa Azura Mohd Ali Raini, Siti Shazana Ishak, Che Fauziah Panhwar, Qurban Ali Naher, Umme Aminun |
| author_facet | Jusop, Shamsuddin Azman, Elisa Azura Mohd Ali Raini, Siti Shazana Ishak, Che Fauziah Panhwar, Qurban Ali Naher, Umme Aminun |
| author_sort | Jusop, Shamsuddin |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Acid sulfate soils occur sporadically in the coastal plains of countries throughout the globe. The soils are characterized by a low pH and the presence of sulfuric horizon, overlying sulfidic materials, mostly pyrite (FeS2). This pyrite is readily oxidized when the soils are drained to make way for development (e.g., agriculture). During the process of pyrite oxidation, a straw-yellow mineral called jarosite is formed and eventually high acidity and toxic aluminum are released into the environment, affecting crop growth. This chapter reviews the studies conducted in Southeast Asia on the management of soils for sustainable crop production. Some of the soils are utilized for the cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa with mixed success because of their inherently low fertility, and Al and/or Fe toxicity. For rice cultivation, lime, basalt, or organic fertilizer can be used to alleviate the infertility of the soils. Application of lime or basalt increases soil pH, resulting in precipitation of inert Al hydroxides. Oil palm can be grown successfully on acid sulfate soils if the proper water management practice is carried out. The drains in the oil palm plantation should be designed in such a way that the excess water is removed from the area, while maintaining the water table level above the pyritic layer. Cocoa grows poorly on acid sulfate soils because of low pH and Al toxicity. However, with adequate liming, using ground magnesium limestone and organic matter, the soils can be utilized productively for cocoa production. In general, acid sulfate soils can be made productive for rice, oil palm, or cocoa cultivation by increasing soil pH with lime or basalt, applying organic matter, or adopting proper water management practices. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:26:50Z |
| format | Book Section |
| id | upm-35085 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:26:50Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-350852016-04-26T02:21:15Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/ Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa Jusop, Shamsuddin Azman, Elisa Azura Mohd Ali Raini, Siti Shazana Ishak, Che Fauziah Panhwar, Qurban Ali Naher, Umme Aminun Acid sulfate soils occur sporadically in the coastal plains of countries throughout the globe. The soils are characterized by a low pH and the presence of sulfuric horizon, overlying sulfidic materials, mostly pyrite (FeS2). This pyrite is readily oxidized when the soils are drained to make way for development (e.g., agriculture). During the process of pyrite oxidation, a straw-yellow mineral called jarosite is formed and eventually high acidity and toxic aluminum are released into the environment, affecting crop growth. This chapter reviews the studies conducted in Southeast Asia on the management of soils for sustainable crop production. Some of the soils are utilized for the cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa with mixed success because of their inherently low fertility, and Al and/or Fe toxicity. For rice cultivation, lime, basalt, or organic fertilizer can be used to alleviate the infertility of the soils. Application of lime or basalt increases soil pH, resulting in precipitation of inert Al hydroxides. Oil palm can be grown successfully on acid sulfate soils if the proper water management practice is carried out. The drains in the oil palm plantation should be designed in such a way that the excess water is removed from the area, while maintaining the water table level above the pyritic layer. Cocoa grows poorly on acid sulfate soils because of low pH and Al toxicity. However, with adequate liming, using ground magnesium limestone and organic matter, the soils can be utilized productively for cocoa production. In general, acid sulfate soils can be made productive for rice, oil palm, or cocoa cultivation by increasing soil pH with lime or basalt, applying organic matter, or adopting proper water management practices. Elsevier 2014 Book Section PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/1/Properties%20and%20management%20of%20acid%20sulfate%20soils%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20for%20sustainable%20cultivation%20of%20rice%2C%20oil%20palm%2C%20and%20cocoa.pdf Jusop, Shamsuddin and Azman, Elisa Azura and Mohd Ali Raini, Siti Shazana and Ishak, Che Fauziah and Panhwar, Qurban Ali and Naher, Umme Aminun (2014) Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa. In: Advances in Agronomy. Elsevier, San Diego, California, pp. 91-142. ISBN 9780128001387 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128001387000036 10.1016/B978-0-12-800138-7.00003-6 |
| spellingShingle | Jusop, Shamsuddin Azman, Elisa Azura Mohd Ali Raini, Siti Shazana Ishak, Che Fauziah Panhwar, Qurban Ali Naher, Umme Aminun Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title | Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title_full | Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title_fullStr | Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title_short | Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| title_sort | properties and management of acid sulfate soils in southeast asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/35085/1/Properties%20and%20management%20of%20acid%20sulfate%20soils%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20for%20sustainable%20cultivation%20of%20rice%2C%20oil%20palm%2C%20and%20cocoa.pdf |