New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone
The use of urea and urea-based fertilizers has increased considerably over the past 15 years. They currently account for approximately 51% of the world's agricultural nitrogen consumption. However, about 20–70% of the applied urea fertilizer is lost to the environment, causing serious pollution...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2015
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34642/ |
| _version_ | 1848847830479798272 |
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| author | Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali Yunus, Robiah Abdul Rashid, Suraya Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran Ali, Salmiaton |
| author_facet | Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali Yunus, Robiah Abdul Rashid, Suraya Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran Ali, Salmiaton |
| author_sort | Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The use of urea and urea-based fertilizers has increased considerably over the past 15 years. They currently account for approximately 51% of the world's agricultural nitrogen consumption. However, about 20–70% of the applied urea fertilizer is lost to the environment, causing serious pollution and increasing costs. These losses come from leaching, decomposition, and ammonium volatilization in the soil during handling and storage. Controlled release by coating can be used to increase urea fertilizer efficiency. We studied the use of gypsum, sulfur, and ground magnesium lime as cost-effective coating materials. All these coating materials contain nutrients required by plants. The effects of the coating composition and proportion of sealant on the rate of urea release and the crushing strength of the coated urea were investigated. We found that coated urea with the same proportion of gypsum–ground magnesium lime (GML) exhibited low urea release and high crushing strength. The performance was enhanced when using polyols as a sealant on the surface of the coated urea. A surface morphology analysis indicated a uniform and smooth surface on the coated film. The efficiency of the coated urea improved by 34.2% when using gypsum–GML (1:1 ratio) containing 1.1% polyols. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:24:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-34642 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:24:50Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-346422016-01-18T06:20:25Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34642/ New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali Yunus, Robiah Abdul Rashid, Suraya Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran Ali, Salmiaton The use of urea and urea-based fertilizers has increased considerably over the past 15 years. They currently account for approximately 51% of the world's agricultural nitrogen consumption. However, about 20–70% of the applied urea fertilizer is lost to the environment, causing serious pollution and increasing costs. These losses come from leaching, decomposition, and ammonium volatilization in the soil during handling and storage. Controlled release by coating can be used to increase urea fertilizer efficiency. We studied the use of gypsum, sulfur, and ground magnesium lime as cost-effective coating materials. All these coating materials contain nutrients required by plants. The effects of the coating composition and proportion of sealant on the rate of urea release and the crushing strength of the coated urea were investigated. We found that coated urea with the same proportion of gypsum–ground magnesium lime (GML) exhibited low urea release and high crushing strength. The performance was enhanced when using polyols as a sealant on the surface of the coated urea. A surface morphology analysis indicated a uniform and smooth surface on the coated film. The efficiency of the coated urea improved by 34.2% when using gypsum–GML (1:1 ratio) containing 1.1% polyols. Elsevier 2015-04-25 Article PeerReviewed Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali and Yunus, Robiah and Abdul Rashid, Suraya and Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran and Ali, Salmiaton (2015) New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone. Particuology, 23. pp. 62-67. ISSN 1674-2001; ESSN: 2210-4291 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674200115000784 10.1016/j.partic.2014.12.011 |
| spellingShingle | Babadi, Farahnaz Eghbali Yunus, Robiah Abdul Rashid, Suraya Mohd Salleh, Mohamad Amran Ali, Salmiaton New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title | New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title_full | New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title_fullStr | New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title_full_unstemmed | New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title_short | New coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| title_sort | new coating formulation for the slow release of urea using a mixture of gypsum and dolomitic limestone |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34642/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34642/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34642/ |