The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems
Background: Vitamin E, which can be categorized into tocotrienols and tocopherols, is known to protect cells from glutamate neurotoxicity. Studies have shown that tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) protecting the brain against oxidative damage more efficient than α-tocopherol. The role of astrocyte i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Scholar Science Journals
2013
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/1/The%20comparative%20effects%20between%20tocotrieonol.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848846499410083840 |
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| author | Yap, Hui Min Khaza'ai, Huzwah Abd Mutalib, Mohd Sokhini Musa, Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Yap, Hui Min Khaza'ai, Huzwah Abd Mutalib, Mohd Sokhini Musa, Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Yap, Hui Min |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background:
Vitamin E, which can be categorized into tocotrienols and tocopherols, is known to protect cells from glutamate neurotoxicity. Studies have shown that tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) protecting the brain against oxidative damage more efficient than α-tocopherol. The role of astrocyte in promoting neuronal survival and recovery after glutamate neurotoxicity is also increasingly appreciated.
Aims:
To elucidate the effects of TRF and α-tocopherol and the synergism between astrocyte and neuron against glutamate neurotoxicity.
Methods:
Astrocyte and neuron were subjected to glutamate injury followed by TRF and α-tocopherol treatments (100 – 300 ng/ml). Effects of TRF and α-tocopherol on nerve cell viability and glutathione contents against glutamate toxicity were examined. The synergism between astrocyte and neuron was elucidated through co-culture model. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA.
Results:
Both TRF and α-tocopherol improved approximately 10% of glutamate-injured astrocyte and neuronal cell viability. In co-culture model, TRF and α-tocopherol provided nearly complete protection from glutamate toxicity. Besides, TRF and α-tocopherol treatments significantly restored at least 20% of glutathione contents in glutamate-injured neurons. In the presence of astrocyte, 300 ng/ml TRF and α-tocopherol completely restored glutathione contents in glutamate-injured neuron.
Conclusions:
TRF and α-tocopherol had shown promising neuroprotective effects in astrocyte and neuron from glutamate toxicity. Great scavenging effect of both TRF and α-tocopherol against glutamate toxicity was observed in neuron. Similar protective effects between TRF and α-tocopherol were observed. Co-culture model demonstrated the synergistic properties between neuron and astrocyte. Supplementation of TRF and α-tocopherol in co-culture further improved the recovery process.
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| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:03:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-29797 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T09:03:41Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Scholar Science Journals |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-297972015-10-26T02:50:38Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/ The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems Yap, Hui Min Khaza'ai, Huzwah Abd Mutalib, Mohd Sokhini Musa, Ibrahim Background: Vitamin E, which can be categorized into tocotrienols and tocopherols, is known to protect cells from glutamate neurotoxicity. Studies have shown that tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) protecting the brain against oxidative damage more efficient than α-tocopherol. The role of astrocyte in promoting neuronal survival and recovery after glutamate neurotoxicity is also increasingly appreciated. Aims: To elucidate the effects of TRF and α-tocopherol and the synergism between astrocyte and neuron against glutamate neurotoxicity. Methods: Astrocyte and neuron were subjected to glutamate injury followed by TRF and α-tocopherol treatments (100 – 300 ng/ml). Effects of TRF and α-tocopherol on nerve cell viability and glutathione contents against glutamate toxicity were examined. The synergism between astrocyte and neuron was elucidated through co-culture model. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA. Results: Both TRF and α-tocopherol improved approximately 10% of glutamate-injured astrocyte and neuronal cell viability. In co-culture model, TRF and α-tocopherol provided nearly complete protection from glutamate toxicity. Besides, TRF and α-tocopherol treatments significantly restored at least 20% of glutathione contents in glutamate-injured neurons. In the presence of astrocyte, 300 ng/ml TRF and α-tocopherol completely restored glutathione contents in glutamate-injured neuron. Conclusions: TRF and α-tocopherol had shown promising neuroprotective effects in astrocyte and neuron from glutamate toxicity. Great scavenging effect of both TRF and α-tocopherol against glutamate toxicity was observed in neuron. Similar protective effects between TRF and α-tocopherol were observed. Co-culture model demonstrated the synergistic properties between neuron and astrocyte. Supplementation of TRF and α-tocopherol in co-culture further improved the recovery process. Scholar Science Journals 2013 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/1/The%20comparative%20effects%20between%20tocotrieonol.pdf Yap, Hui Min and Khaza'ai, Huzwah and Abd Mutalib, Mohd Sokhini and Musa, Ibrahim (2013) The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems. International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research , 4 (6). pp. 403-409. ISSN 2229-3809 |
| spellingShingle | Yap, Hui Min Khaza'ai, Huzwah Abd Mutalib, Mohd Sokhini Musa, Ibrahim The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title | The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title_full | The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title_fullStr | The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title_short | The comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (TRF) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| title_sort | comparative effects between tocotrieonol-rich fraction (trf) and α-tocopherol on glutamate toxicity in neuron-astrocyte mono- and co-culture systems |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29797/1/The%20comparative%20effects%20between%20tocotrieonol.pdf |