Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.

The present study investigates the surface water quality of three important tributaries of Jakara Basin, northwestern Nigeria to provide an overview of the relationship and sources of physicochemical and biological parameters. A total of 405 water samples were collected from 27 sampling points and a...

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Main Authors: Mustapha, Adamu, Aris, Ahmad Zaharin, Juahir, Hafizan, Ramli, Mohammad Firuz
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: Springer Verlag 2013
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/1/Surface%20water%20quality%20contamination%20source%20apportionment%20and%20physicochemical%20characterization%20at%20the%20upper%20section%20of%20the%20Jakara%20Basin.pdf
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author Mustapha, Adamu
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
Juahir, Hafizan
Ramli, Mohammad Firuz
author_facet Mustapha, Adamu
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
Juahir, Hafizan
Ramli, Mohammad Firuz
author_sort Mustapha, Adamu
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The present study investigates the surface water quality of three important tributaries of Jakara Basin, northwestern Nigeria to provide an overview of the relationship and sources of physicochemical and biological parameters. A total of 405 water samples were collected from 27 sampling points and analyzed for 13 parameters: dissolved oxygen (DO), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), pH, ammonia-nitrogen (NH3NL), dissolved solids (DS), total solids (TS), nitrates (NO3), chloride (Cl), phosphates (PO4), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and fecal coliform bacteria (FCB). Pearson’s product–moment correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to distinguish the main pollution sources in the basin. Four varimax components were extracted from PCA, which explained 84.86, 83.60, and 78.69 % of the variation in the surface water quality for Jakara, Tsakama, and Gama-Kwari Rivers, respectively. Strong positive loading included BOD5, COD, NH3NL, E. coli, and FCB with negative loading on DO attribute to a domestic waste water pollution source. One-way ANOVA revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean of the three water bodies (p > 0.05). It is therefore recommended that the government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area.
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spelling upm-289382015-10-09T00:36:49Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/ Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria. Mustapha, Adamu Aris, Ahmad Zaharin Juahir, Hafizan Ramli, Mohammad Firuz The present study investigates the surface water quality of three important tributaries of Jakara Basin, northwestern Nigeria to provide an overview of the relationship and sources of physicochemical and biological parameters. A total of 405 water samples were collected from 27 sampling points and analyzed for 13 parameters: dissolved oxygen (DO), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), pH, ammonia-nitrogen (NH3NL), dissolved solids (DS), total solids (TS), nitrates (NO3), chloride (Cl), phosphates (PO4), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and fecal coliform bacteria (FCB). Pearson’s product–moment correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to distinguish the main pollution sources in the basin. Four varimax components were extracted from PCA, which explained 84.86, 83.60, and 78.69 % of the variation in the surface water quality for Jakara, Tsakama, and Gama-Kwari Rivers, respectively. Strong positive loading included BOD5, COD, NH3NL, E. coli, and FCB with negative loading on DO attribute to a domestic waste water pollution source. One-way ANOVA revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean of the three water bodies (p > 0.05). It is therefore recommended that the government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area. Springer Verlag 2013 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/1/Surface%20water%20quality%20contamination%20source%20apportionment%20and%20physicochemical%20characterization%20at%20the%20upper%20section%20of%20the%20Jakara%20Basin.pdf Mustapha, Adamu and Aris, Ahmad Zaharin and Juahir, Hafizan and Ramli, Mohammad Firuz (2013) Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6 (12). pp. 4903-4915. ISSN 1866-7511; ESSN: 1866-7538 10.1007/s12517-012-0731-2 English
spellingShingle Mustapha, Adamu
Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
Juahir, Hafizan
Ramli, Mohammad Firuz
Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title_full Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title_fullStr Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title_full_unstemmed Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title_short Surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the Jakara Basin, Nigeria.
title_sort surface water quality contamination source apportionment and physicochemical characterization at the upper section of the jakara basin, nigeria.
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/28938/1/Surface%20water%20quality%20contamination%20source%20apportionment%20and%20physicochemical%20characterization%20at%20the%20upper%20section%20of%20the%20Jakara%20Basin.pdf