The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Murraya koenigii is an edible herb widely used in folk medicine. Here we report that girinimbine, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from this plant, inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells. The MTT and LDH assay results showed that girinimbine decreased...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2011
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24911/ |
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| author | Syam, Suvitha Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam Md.Sukari, Mohd. Aspollah Mohan, Syam Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim Tang , Sook Wah |
| author_facet | Syam, Suvitha Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam Md.Sukari, Mohd. Aspollah Mohan, Syam Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim Tang , Sook Wah |
| author_sort | Syam, Suvitha |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Murraya koenigii is an edible herb widely used in folk medicine. Here we report that girinimbine, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from this plant, inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells. The MTT and LDH assay results showed that girinimbine decreased cell viability and increased cytotoxicity in a dose-and time-dependent manner selectively. Girinimbine-treated HepG2 cells showed typical morphological features of apoptosis, as observed from normal inverted microscopy and Hoechst 33342 assay. Furthermore, girinimbine treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and elevated levels of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells. Girinimbine treatment also displayed a time-dependent accumulation of the Sub-G0/G1 peak (hypodiploid) and caused G0/G1-phase arrest. Together, these results demonstrated for the first time that girinimbine could effectively induce programmed cell death in HepG2 cells and suggests the importance of conducting further investigations in preclinical human hepatocellular carcinoma models, especially on in vivo efficacy, to promote girinimbine for use as an anticancer agent against hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:42:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-24911 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:42:28Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-249112013-08-22T01:59:37Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24911/ The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Syam, Suvitha Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam Md.Sukari, Mohd. Aspollah Mohan, Syam Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim Tang , Sook Wah Murraya koenigii is an edible herb widely used in folk medicine. Here we report that girinimbine, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from this plant, inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells. The MTT and LDH assay results showed that girinimbine decreased cell viability and increased cytotoxicity in a dose-and time-dependent manner selectively. Girinimbine-treated HepG2 cells showed typical morphological features of apoptosis, as observed from normal inverted microscopy and Hoechst 33342 assay. Furthermore, girinimbine treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and elevated levels of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells. Girinimbine treatment also displayed a time-dependent accumulation of the Sub-G0/G1 peak (hypodiploid) and caused G0/G1-phase arrest. Together, these results demonstrated for the first time that girinimbine could effectively induce programmed cell death in HepG2 cells and suggests the importance of conducting further investigations in preclinical human hepatocellular carcinoma models, especially on in vivo efficacy, to promote girinimbine for use as an anticancer agent against hepatocellular carcinoma. MDPI 2011 Article PeerReviewed Syam, Suvitha and Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam and Md.Sukari, Mohd. Aspollah and Mohan, Syam and Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim and Tang , Sook Wah (2011) The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Molecules, 16 (8). pp. 7155-7170. ISSN 1431-5157, ESSN: 1420-3049 http://www.mdpi.com/ 10.3390/molecules16087155 English |
| spellingShingle | Syam, Suvitha Abdul, Ahmad Bustamam Md.Sukari, Mohd. Aspollah Mohan, Syam Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim Tang , Sook Wah The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title | The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title_full | The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title_fullStr | The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title_short | The growth suppressing effects of Girinimbine on Hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| title_sort | growth suppressing effects of girinimbine on hepg2 involve induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24911/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24911/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24911/ |