Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia.
A study on to identify the relationship between blood lead and cognitive development was conducted on primary school children in Malaysia. About 413 children aged 6½ - 8½ years from urban (236), rural (80) and industrial areas (97) were studied. Blood lead was analyzed using the Atomic Absorption...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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David Publishing Company
2011
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/1/Low%20blood%20lead%20concentrations%20and%20cognitive%20development%20of%20primary%20school%20children%20from%20three%20areas%20in%20Malaysia.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848845039408513024 |
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| author | Hashim, Zailina R., Junidah Mohd Elias, Saliza Shamsudin, Shamsul Bahari H. H., Jamal |
| author_facet | Hashim, Zailina R., Junidah Mohd Elias, Saliza Shamsudin, Shamsul Bahari H. H., Jamal |
| author_sort | Hashim, Zailina |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A study on to identify the relationship between blood lead and cognitive development was conducted on primary school
children in Malaysia. About 413 children aged 6½ - 8½ years from urban (236), rural (80) and industrial areas (97) were studied. Blood lead was analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (GFAAS). Cognitive development was measured by the ‘McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities Test’ (MSCA). Significant differences found in the mean cognitive scores between the urban (94.40), industrial (102.90) and suburban children (101.24) (p ≤ 0.001), with the blood lead between the urban (3.66 μg/dL), industrial (3.54 μg/dL) and suburban children (3.04 μg/dL) (p = 0.022). Significant inverse correlations between blood lead and cognitive scores found for all groups (p ≤ 0.001), urban (p ≤ 0.001) and suburban children (p < 0.001). Low blood lead significantly influenced the cognitive development for all children after adjusting for confounders (p ≤ 0.001). The urban children’s cognitive scores were significantly influenced by blood lead levels and household income (p ≤ 0.001). However, for the suburban children, the cognitive score were significantly influenced by the blood lead levels, the mothers’ education, number of siblings, sequence in the family and the household income (p < 0.001). Blood lead below 10 μg/dL influenced the cognitive development. Urban children had higher blood lead
but suburban children with lower blood lead were also vulnerable to the effect of lead on their cognitive development.
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| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:40:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-24447 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:40:29Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | David Publishing Company |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-244472015-09-14T03:19:34Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/ Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. Hashim, Zailina R., Junidah Mohd Elias, Saliza Shamsudin, Shamsul Bahari H. H., Jamal A study on to identify the relationship between blood lead and cognitive development was conducted on primary school children in Malaysia. About 413 children aged 6½ - 8½ years from urban (236), rural (80) and industrial areas (97) were studied. Blood lead was analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (GFAAS). Cognitive development was measured by the ‘McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities Test’ (MSCA). Significant differences found in the mean cognitive scores between the urban (94.40), industrial (102.90) and suburban children (101.24) (p ≤ 0.001), with the blood lead between the urban (3.66 μg/dL), industrial (3.54 μg/dL) and suburban children (3.04 μg/dL) (p = 0.022). Significant inverse correlations between blood lead and cognitive scores found for all groups (p ≤ 0.001), urban (p ≤ 0.001) and suburban children (p < 0.001). Low blood lead significantly influenced the cognitive development for all children after adjusting for confounders (p ≤ 0.001). The urban children’s cognitive scores were significantly influenced by blood lead levels and household income (p ≤ 0.001). However, for the suburban children, the cognitive score were significantly influenced by the blood lead levels, the mothers’ education, number of siblings, sequence in the family and the household income (p < 0.001). Blood lead below 10 μg/dL influenced the cognitive development. Urban children had higher blood lead but suburban children with lower blood lead were also vulnerable to the effect of lead on their cognitive development. David Publishing Company 2011 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/1/Low%20blood%20lead%20concentrations%20and%20cognitive%20development%20of%20primary%20school%20children%20from%20three%20areas%20in%20Malaysia.pdf Hashim, Zailina and R., Junidah and Mohd Elias, Saliza and Shamsudin, Shamsul Bahari and H. H., Jamal (2011) Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 5. pp. 493-499. ISSN 1934-8932; ESSN: 1934-8940 English |
| spellingShingle | Hashim, Zailina R., Junidah Mohd Elias, Saliza Shamsudin, Shamsul Bahari H. H., Jamal Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title | Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title_full | Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title_fullStr | Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title_short | Low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in Malaysia. |
| title_sort | low blood lead concentrations and cognitive development of primary school children from three areas in malaysia. |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24447/1/Low%20blood%20lead%20concentrations%20and%20cognitive%20development%20of%20primary%20school%20children%20from%20three%20areas%20in%20Malaysia.pdf |