The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran
The paper attempts to determine the impact of Non-Government Organizations (NGO's) approaches on the empowerment of women in Shiraz, Iran. Through empowerment, women become able to organize themselves, to increase self-reliance and to assert their independent right to make choices and control r...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Kamla-Raj Enterprises
2011
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/1/The%20effect%20of%20Non-Governmental%20Organizations%20%28NGO%29%E2%80%99s%20approaches%20on%20women%E2%80%99s%20empowerment%20in%20Shiraz%2C%20Iran.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848844539681308672 |
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| author | Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah Redzuan, Ma'rof Abu Samah, Asnarulkhadi |
| author_facet | Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah Redzuan, Ma'rof Abu Samah, Asnarulkhadi |
| author_sort | Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The paper attempts to determine the impact of Non-Government Organizations (NGO's) approaches on the empowerment of women in Shiraz, Iran. Through empowerment, women become able to organize themselves, to increase self-reliance and to assert their independent right to make choices and control resources. In this study, empowerment is conceptually defined and analyzed at two levels, that is, 'individual' and 'community'. The study based on 195 women participants in NGO's activities showed that their level of empowerment is moderate. This means they are neither disempowered nor empowered sufficiently. Various approaches were adopted by the local NGOs such as top-down, partnership and bottom-up to help women to achieve the empowerment. The result indicated the bottom-up approach is the most effective approach on the empowerment of women. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:32:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-22638 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:32:32Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | Kamla-Raj Enterprises |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-226382015-11-23T04:16:20Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/ The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah Redzuan, Ma'rof Abu Samah, Asnarulkhadi The paper attempts to determine the impact of Non-Government Organizations (NGO's) approaches on the empowerment of women in Shiraz, Iran. Through empowerment, women become able to organize themselves, to increase self-reliance and to assert their independent right to make choices and control resources. In this study, empowerment is conceptually defined and analyzed at two levels, that is, 'individual' and 'community'. The study based on 195 women participants in NGO's activities showed that their level of empowerment is moderate. This means they are neither disempowered nor empowered sufficiently. Various approaches were adopted by the local NGOs such as top-down, partnership and bottom-up to help women to achieve the empowerment. The result indicated the bottom-up approach is the most effective approach on the empowerment of women. Kamla-Raj Enterprises 2011 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/1/The%20effect%20of%20Non-Governmental%20Organizations%20%28NGO%29%E2%80%99s%20approaches%20on%20women%E2%80%99s%20empowerment%20in%20Shiraz%2C%20Iran.pdf Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah and Redzuan, Ma'rof and Abu Samah, Asnarulkhadi (2011) The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran. Journal of Human Ecology, 34 (3). pp. 179-187. ISSN 0970-9274 http://krepublishers.com/02-Journals/JHE/JHE-34-0-000-11-Web/JHE-34-0-000-11-Contents/JHE-34-0-000-11-Contents.htm |
| spellingShingle | Nikkhah, Hedayat Allah Redzuan, Ma'rof Abu Samah, Asnarulkhadi The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title | The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title_full | The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title_fullStr | The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title_short | The effect of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in Shiraz, Iran |
| title_sort | effect of non-governmental organizations (ngo)’s approaches on women’s empowerment in shiraz, iran |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/22638/1/The%20effect%20of%20Non-Governmental%20Organizations%20%28NGO%29%E2%80%99s%20approaches%20on%20women%E2%80%99s%20empowerment%20in%20Shiraz%2C%20Iran.pdf |