Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil
N,N′-Carbonyl difatty amides (CDFAs) have been synthesized from palm oil using sodium ethoxide as catalyst. Ethyl fatty esters (EFEs) were produced as a by-product as well as glycerol. The synthesis was carried out by reflux palm oil and urea in presence of ethanol. In this process, palm oil gave 79...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Japan Oil Chemists' Society
2009
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20N.pdf |
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| author | Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar Wan Yunus, Wan Md. Zin Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Ab. Rahman, Mohamad Zaki |
| author_facet | Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar Wan Yunus, Wan Md. Zin Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Ab. Rahman, Mohamad Zaki |
| author_sort | Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | N,N′-Carbonyl difatty amides (CDFAs) have been synthesized from palm oil using sodium ethoxide as catalyst. Ethyl fatty esters (EFEs) were produced as a by-product as well as glycerol. The synthesis was carried out by reflux palm oil and urea in presence of ethanol. In this process, palm oil gave 79% pure CDFAs after 8 hours and molar ratio of urea to palm oil was 6.2: 1 at 78°C. Both CDFAs and EFEs have been characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:09:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-16930 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:09:38Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | Japan Oil Chemists' Society |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-169302015-11-27T07:21:13Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/ Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar Wan Yunus, Wan Md. Zin Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Ab. Rahman, Mohamad Zaki N,N′-Carbonyl difatty amides (CDFAs) have been synthesized from palm oil using sodium ethoxide as catalyst. Ethyl fatty esters (EFEs) were produced as a by-product as well as glycerol. The synthesis was carried out by reflux palm oil and urea in presence of ethanol. In this process, palm oil gave 79% pure CDFAs after 8 hours and molar ratio of urea to palm oil was 6.2: 1 at 78°C. Both CDFAs and EFEs have been characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. Japan Oil Chemists' Society 2009 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20N.pdf Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar and Wan Yunus, Wan Md. Zin and Ibrahim, Nor Azowa and Ab. Rahman, Mohamad Zaki (2009) Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil. Journal of Oleo Science, 58 (9). pp. 467-471. ISSN 1345-8957; ESSN: 1347-3352 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/58/9/58_9_467/_article 10.5650/jos.58.467 |
| spellingShingle | Al-Mulla, Emad A. Jaffar Wan Yunus, Wan Md. Zin Ibrahim, Nor Azowa Ab. Rahman, Mohamad Zaki Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title | Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title_full | Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title_short | Synthesis and characterization of N,N′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of n,n′-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16930/1/Synthesis%20and%20characterization%20of%20N.pdf |