Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia
Kilim Karst Geoforest Park (KKGP) located in Langkawi island offers pristine nature-based attractions to visitors. Apart from local visitors, the park receives many international visitor arrivals from all over the world. The demand model of international visitors to the park can be developed using o...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IDOSI Publications
2015
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/1/Travel%20cost%20adjustment%20of%20international%20multiple%20destination%20visitors%20to%20the%20Kilim%20Karst%20Geoforest%20Park%2C%20Langkawi%2C%20Malaysia.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848842817450803200 |
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| author | Matthew, Nitanan Koshy Shuib, Ahmad Ramachandran, Sridar Mohammad Afandi, Syamsul Herman |
| author_facet | Matthew, Nitanan Koshy Shuib, Ahmad Ramachandran, Sridar Mohammad Afandi, Syamsul Herman |
| author_sort | Matthew, Nitanan Koshy |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Kilim Karst Geoforest Park (KKGP) located in Langkawi island offers pristine nature-based attractions to visitors. Apart from local visitors, the park receives many international visitor arrivals from all over the world. The demand model of international visitors to the park can be developed using one of the common environmental valuation techniques, the Travel Cost Method (TCM). And, using the demand curve, the benefit obtained by the international visitors to the park can be estimated using the concept of consumer surplus. In this research, the Individual Travel Cost Model (ITCM) has been employed. One of the common issues in travel cost studies is to obtain the specific travel cost attributable to the specific location for multiple destination visitors. Thus, the article determines the consumer surplus value of international visitors from the travel cost adjustment. A structured questionnaire and face-to-face data collection method were employed to obtain the primary data from 330 international visitors using the purposive sampling technique. The study has found that the consumer surplus estimated using the unadjusted travel cost model was greater than for the adjusted travel cost model thus suggesting an overestimation of the benefit gained by visitors. The consumer surplus value was estimated to be ϵ 216/ RM 864. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:05:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-15929 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T08:05:10Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | IDOSI Publications |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-159292019-11-12T02:57:41Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/ Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia Matthew, Nitanan Koshy Shuib, Ahmad Ramachandran, Sridar Mohammad Afandi, Syamsul Herman Kilim Karst Geoforest Park (KKGP) located in Langkawi island offers pristine nature-based attractions to visitors. Apart from local visitors, the park receives many international visitor arrivals from all over the world. The demand model of international visitors to the park can be developed using one of the common environmental valuation techniques, the Travel Cost Method (TCM). And, using the demand curve, the benefit obtained by the international visitors to the park can be estimated using the concept of consumer surplus. In this research, the Individual Travel Cost Model (ITCM) has been employed. One of the common issues in travel cost studies is to obtain the specific travel cost attributable to the specific location for multiple destination visitors. Thus, the article determines the consumer surplus value of international visitors from the travel cost adjustment. A structured questionnaire and face-to-face data collection method were employed to obtain the primary data from 330 international visitors using the purposive sampling technique. The study has found that the consumer surplus estimated using the unadjusted travel cost model was greater than for the adjusted travel cost model thus suggesting an overestimation of the benefit gained by visitors. The consumer surplus value was estimated to be ϵ 216/ RM 864. IDOSI Publications 2015 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/1/Travel%20cost%20adjustment%20of%20international%20multiple%20destination%20visitors%20to%20the%20Kilim%20Karst%20Geoforest%20Park%2C%20Langkawi%2C%20Malaysia.pdf Matthew, Nitanan Koshy and Shuib, Ahmad and Ramachandran, Sridar and Mohammad Afandi, Syamsul Herman (2015) Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15. pp. 24-31. ISSN 1818-6769; ESSN: 1990-4053 https://www.idosi.org/aejaes/aejaes15(tesms)15.htm 10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2015.15.s.204 |
| spellingShingle | Matthew, Nitanan Koshy Shuib, Ahmad Ramachandran, Sridar Mohammad Afandi, Syamsul Herman Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title | Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title_full | Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title_short | Travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the Kilim Karst Geoforest Park, Langkawi, Malaysia |
| title_sort | travel cost adjustment of international multiple destination visitors to the kilim karst geoforest park, langkawi, malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15929/1/Travel%20cost%20adjustment%20of%20international%20multiple%20destination%20visitors%20to%20the%20Kilim%20Karst%20Geoforest%20Park%2C%20Langkawi%2C%20Malaysia.pdf |