Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine
A direct photometric method was developed for the determination of sub-nanogram levels of lead. The method is based on complexation between lead and gallocyanin, which form a coloured dye (λmax 550 nm) at pH 8.0. The determination was based on the use of kinetic approach and in the lead concentratio...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Asian Publication Corporation
2009
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/1/Direct%20photometric%20determination%20of%20lead%20by%20manual%20and%20flow%20injection%20methods%20with%20gallocyanine.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848842268388098048 |
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| author | Yusof, Nor Azah Ahmad, Musa |
| author_facet | Yusof, Nor Azah Ahmad, Musa |
| author_sort | Yusof, Nor Azah |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A direct photometric method was developed for the determination of sub-nanogram levels of lead. The method is based on complexation between lead and gallocyanin, which form a coloured dye (λmax 550 nm) at pH 8.0. The determination was based on the use of kinetic approach and in the lead concentration range of 1.0 × 10-3 μg/mL to 1.0 × 101 μg/mL, a smooth calibration curve was obtained. The reaction system can also be successfully adapted to flow injection analysis (FIA). The dynamic range of the proposed flow injection method was 1.0 × 10-3 μg/mL to 1.0 × 102 μg/mL and detection limit was 1.6 ng/mL at a sampling rate of 30 injections per hour. At 1:1 mole ratio of lead to the interfering ion, mercury, iron, aluminium, citrate and fluoride were found to interfere most during the determination. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:56:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-13989 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:56:26Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | Asian Publication Corporation |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-139892018-09-04T04:31:59Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/ Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine Yusof, Nor Azah Ahmad, Musa A direct photometric method was developed for the determination of sub-nanogram levels of lead. The method is based on complexation between lead and gallocyanin, which form a coloured dye (λmax 550 nm) at pH 8.0. The determination was based on the use of kinetic approach and in the lead concentration range of 1.0 × 10-3 μg/mL to 1.0 × 101 μg/mL, a smooth calibration curve was obtained. The reaction system can also be successfully adapted to flow injection analysis (FIA). The dynamic range of the proposed flow injection method was 1.0 × 10-3 μg/mL to 1.0 × 102 μg/mL and detection limit was 1.6 ng/mL at a sampling rate of 30 injections per hour. At 1:1 mole ratio of lead to the interfering ion, mercury, iron, aluminium, citrate and fluoride were found to interfere most during the determination. Asian Publication Corporation 2009 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/1/Direct%20photometric%20determination%20of%20lead%20by%20manual%20and%20flow%20injection%20methods%20with%20gallocyanine.pdf Yusof, Nor Azah and Ahmad, Musa (2009) Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 21 (8). pp. 6190-6198. ISSN 0970-7077; ESSN: 0975-427X http://www.asianjournalofchemistry.co.in/user/journal/viewarticle.aspx?ArticleID=21_8_57 |
| spellingShingle | Yusof, Nor Azah Ahmad, Musa Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title | Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title_full | Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title_fullStr | Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title_short | Direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| title_sort | direct photometric determination of lead by manual and flow injection methods with gallocyanine |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/13989/1/Direct%20photometric%20determination%20of%20lead%20by%20manual%20and%20flow%20injection%20methods%20with%20gallocyanine.pdf |