Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis)
Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) was studied in swamp mg/kg buffalo heifers and cows after a single injection of OTC hydrochloride intravenously and OTC long acting 20 (LA) formulation (Terramycin/LA, Pfizer) intramuscularly using a crossover study. The concentration of OTC in serum...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
1984
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/1/FPV_1984_2_.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848841796416700416 |
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| author | Hashim, Kalthum |
| author_facet | Hashim, Kalthum |
| author_sort | Hashim, Kalthum |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) was studied in
swamp
mg/kg
buffalo heifers and cows after a single injection of
OTC hydrochloride intravenously and OTC long acting
20
(LA)
formulation (Terramycin/LA, Pfizer) intramuscularly using a crossover
study. The concentration of OTC in serum samples was measured
by a bioassay technique using Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778)
as the test organism.
The disposition curve for oxytetracycline activities after
intravenous administration was best described by a two-compartment
open model. The serum concentrations at time zero, co'p, for
buffalo cows and buffalo heifers were 61 . 37+19 . 62 mcg/ml and 33 . 09+9 . 93 mcg/ml respectively . The elimination half-lives for
buffalo cows (10.13+2 . 72 h) and heifers ( 8.72+2.14 h) after intravenous
injection of the drug were not significantly different
( P)0.05). The apparent volume o f distribution was significantly
higher in buffalo cows ( 2.84+0 . 46 L/kg) than in heifers ( 2.0+0.42
L/kg ) but the total body clearance did not differ significantly
(P>0 . 05) .
Following a single intramuscular injection of OTC-LA formulation
only one rate constant of absorption was noted in buffalo
cows (ka1-0. 05 h) but two rate constants of absorption were noted
for heifers - a fast rate ( ka1-3 . 62 h) and a slow rate ( ka2 -0. 04
h). The peak serum concentration of OTC for buffalo cows was
4 . 56+1 . 48 mcg/ml at 4.67+1.91 hours and for buffalo heifers was
4.40+ 0.57 mcg/ml at 1.67+0.26 hours.The bioavailability of OTC
was 64 and 24 per cent for buffalo cows and heifers respectively .
Plasma concentrations above 0.5 mcg/ml were maintained for approximately
50-60 hours . The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC)
for eleven isolates from diseased buffaloes ranged from 0 . 25 to
4.0 mcg/ml .
For the swamp buffalo OTC-LA is recommended at a dosing rate
of 20 mg/kg injected intramuscularly at 48-hour dosage intervals
for highly susceptible organisms (MIC<1 mcg/m1 ) . However it
is preferable to use the conventional OTC formulation intramuscularly
for less susceptible organisms (MIC>2 mcg/ml ) . |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:48:56Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | upm-12262 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:48:56Z |
| publishDate | 1984 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-122622024-07-10T07:59:23Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/ Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Hashim, Kalthum Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) was studied in swamp mg/kg buffalo heifers and cows after a single injection of OTC hydrochloride intravenously and OTC long acting 20 (LA) formulation (Terramycin/LA, Pfizer) intramuscularly using a crossover study. The concentration of OTC in serum samples was measured by a bioassay technique using Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) as the test organism. The disposition curve for oxytetracycline activities after intravenous administration was best described by a two-compartment open model. The serum concentrations at time zero, co'p, for buffalo cows and buffalo heifers were 61 . 37+19 . 62 mcg/ml and 33 . 09+9 . 93 mcg/ml respectively . The elimination half-lives for buffalo cows (10.13+2 . 72 h) and heifers ( 8.72+2.14 h) after intravenous injection of the drug were not significantly different ( P)0.05). The apparent volume o f distribution was significantly higher in buffalo cows ( 2.84+0 . 46 L/kg) than in heifers ( 2.0+0.42 L/kg ) but the total body clearance did not differ significantly (P>0 . 05) . Following a single intramuscular injection of OTC-LA formulation only one rate constant of absorption was noted in buffalo cows (ka1-0. 05 h) but two rate constants of absorption were noted for heifers - a fast rate ( ka1-3 . 62 h) and a slow rate ( ka2 -0. 04 h). The peak serum concentration of OTC for buffalo cows was 4 . 56+1 . 48 mcg/ml at 4.67+1.91 hours and for buffalo heifers was 4.40+ 0.57 mcg/ml at 1.67+0.26 hours.The bioavailability of OTC was 64 and 24 per cent for buffalo cows and heifers respectively . Plasma concentrations above 0.5 mcg/ml were maintained for approximately 50-60 hours . The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for eleven isolates from diseased buffaloes ranged from 0 . 25 to 4.0 mcg/ml . For the swamp buffalo OTC-LA is recommended at a dosing rate of 20 mg/kg injected intramuscularly at 48-hour dosage intervals for highly susceptible organisms (MIC<1 mcg/m1 ) . However it is preferable to use the conventional OTC formulation intramuscularly for less susceptible organisms (MIC>2 mcg/ml ) . 1984-07 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/1/FPV_1984_2_.pdf Hashim, Kalthum (1984) Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis). Masters thesis, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia. Water buffalo Pharmacokinetics English |
| spellingShingle | Water buffalo Pharmacokinetics Hashim, Kalthum Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title | Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In The Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in the swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis) |
| topic | Water buffalo Pharmacokinetics |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12262/1/FPV_1984_2_.pdf |