Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)

Oil palm fronds (OPF), available in abundance, represent a promising sustainable resource, yet its utilization is hindered by the demanding process of cellulose extraction. This study introduces a cost-effective, one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal method using dilute HNO3 (0.5 M) at 120 °C....

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Main Authors: Ibrahim, Izzudin, Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah, Andou, Yoshito
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/1/121146.pdf
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author Ibrahim, Izzudin
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Andou, Yoshito
author_facet Ibrahim, Izzudin
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Andou, Yoshito
author_sort Ibrahim, Izzudin
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Oil palm fronds (OPF), available in abundance, represent a promising sustainable resource, yet its utilization is hindered by the demanding process of cellulose extraction. This study introduces a cost-effective, one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal method using dilute HNO3 (0.5 M) at 120 °C. The selected conditions, with a treatment time of 30 min, resulted in cellulose extraction with a purity of 84.2 wt%, reducing lignin content from 21.8 to 9.3 wt% and hemicellulose from 31.6 to 6.4 wt%. A post-treatment alkaline rinse further increased cellulose purity to 96 wt% and crystallinity to 71.5 %. The method's applicability to other biomasses, including oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), bamboo, sisal, and shuro palm fibre, showed lignin reduction of up to 85 % and cellulose yields between 78 and 85 %. Thermal stability analysis via TGA indicated a decomposition temperature of 350 °C, and XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index increase from 45 to 62 %. This facile and sustainable process, using only HNO3 and water, marks a significant step forward in biomass valorization, providing environmental benefits by minimizing chemical use for industrial-scale lignocellulosic waste utilization.
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spelling upm-1211462025-10-28T04:42:20Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/ Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF) Ibrahim, Izzudin Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah Andou, Yoshito Oil palm fronds (OPF), available in abundance, represent a promising sustainable resource, yet its utilization is hindered by the demanding process of cellulose extraction. This study introduces a cost-effective, one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal method using dilute HNO3 (0.5 M) at 120 °C. The selected conditions, with a treatment time of 30 min, resulted in cellulose extraction with a purity of 84.2 wt%, reducing lignin content from 21.8 to 9.3 wt% and hemicellulose from 31.6 to 6.4 wt%. A post-treatment alkaline rinse further increased cellulose purity to 96 wt% and crystallinity to 71.5 %. The method's applicability to other biomasses, including oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), bamboo, sisal, and shuro palm fibre, showed lignin reduction of up to 85 % and cellulose yields between 78 and 85 %. Thermal stability analysis via TGA indicated a decomposition temperature of 350 °C, and XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index increase from 45 to 62 %. This facile and sustainable process, using only HNO3 and water, marks a significant step forward in biomass valorization, providing environmental benefits by minimizing chemical use for industrial-scale lignocellulosic waste utilization. Elsevier Ltd 2025 Article NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/1/121146.pdf Ibrahim, Izzudin and Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah and Andou, Yoshito (2025) Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF). Biomass and Bioenergy, 198 (undefined). art. no. 107862. undefined-undefined. ISSN 0961-9534; eISSN: 1873-2909 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0961953425002739 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107862
spellingShingle Ibrahim, Izzudin
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Andou, Yoshito
Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title_full Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title_fullStr Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title_full_unstemmed Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title_short Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)
title_sort novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute hno3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (opf)
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121146/1/121146.pdf