Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios

The present work explores the impact of various wall materials and core-to-wall material ratios on carotene microcapsules’ physicochemical properties. Palm carotene-based microcapsules were prepared using spray drying with different wall materials (maltodextrin, starch sodium octenyl succinate (OSS)...

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Main Authors: Choy, Hew Weng, Teow, Shuh June, Khor, Yih Phing, Tan, Tai Boon, Mat Yusoff, Masni, Gholivand, Somayeh, Tan, Chin Ping
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Putra Malaysia 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/1/121068.pdf
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author Choy, Hew Weng
Teow, Shuh June
Khor, Yih Phing
Tan, Tai Boon
Mat Yusoff, Masni
Gholivand, Somayeh
Tan, Chin Ping
author_facet Choy, Hew Weng
Teow, Shuh June
Khor, Yih Phing
Tan, Tai Boon
Mat Yusoff, Masni
Gholivand, Somayeh
Tan, Chin Ping
author_sort Choy, Hew Weng
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The present work explores the impact of various wall materials and core-to-wall material ratios on carotene microcapsules’ physicochemical properties. Palm carotene-based microcapsules were prepared using spray drying with different wall materials (maltodextrin, starch sodium octenyl succinate (OSS), inulin) and core-to-wall ratios (1:2, 1:3, 1:4), followed by physicochemical characterisation including moisture content, water activity, microencapsulation efficiency, and morphological analysis via scanning electron microscope (SEM). Microcapsules created with a 1:4 core-to-wall material ratio, combining maltodextrin and OSS, exhibited optimal traits. These microcapsules possessed the lowest moisture content (2.19%) compared to 1:2 (2.73%), 1:3 (2.65%), and water activity (0.20 aw), maintaining adequate flowability and intermediate cohesiveness. The same sample demonstrated the highest MEE at 70.50%, compared to 1:2 (24.57%) and 1:3 (35.80%), corresponding to α-carotene (60.85%) and β-carotene (72.79%) content. SEM confirmed their smooth, undented surface, indicating successful encapsulation. Furthermore, microcapsules stabilised with this combination at a 1:4 ratio displayed a superior WSI of 79.59% and a lower WAI of 0.50%, enhancing storage stability and suitability for diverse food systems. The present work thus demonstrated the significance of wall materials and core-to-wall ratios in producing high-quality, functional carotene microcapsules.
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institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
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spelling upm-1210682025-10-24T03:18:35Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/ Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios Choy, Hew Weng Teow, Shuh June Khor, Yih Phing Tan, Tai Boon Mat Yusoff, Masni Gholivand, Somayeh Tan, Chin Ping The present work explores the impact of various wall materials and core-to-wall material ratios on carotene microcapsules’ physicochemical properties. Palm carotene-based microcapsules were prepared using spray drying with different wall materials (maltodextrin, starch sodium octenyl succinate (OSS), inulin) and core-to-wall ratios (1:2, 1:3, 1:4), followed by physicochemical characterisation including moisture content, water activity, microencapsulation efficiency, and morphological analysis via scanning electron microscope (SEM). Microcapsules created with a 1:4 core-to-wall material ratio, combining maltodextrin and OSS, exhibited optimal traits. These microcapsules possessed the lowest moisture content (2.19%) compared to 1:2 (2.73%), 1:3 (2.65%), and water activity (0.20 aw), maintaining adequate flowability and intermediate cohesiveness. The same sample demonstrated the highest MEE at 70.50%, compared to 1:2 (24.57%) and 1:3 (35.80%), corresponding to α-carotene (60.85%) and β-carotene (72.79%) content. SEM confirmed their smooth, undented surface, indicating successful encapsulation. Furthermore, microcapsules stabilised with this combination at a 1:4 ratio displayed a superior WSI of 79.59% and a lower WAI of 0.50%, enhancing storage stability and suitability for diverse food systems. The present work thus demonstrated the significance of wall materials and core-to-wall ratios in producing high-quality, functional carotene microcapsules. Universiti Putra Malaysia 2025 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/1/121068.pdf Choy, Hew Weng and Teow, Shuh June and Khor, Yih Phing and Tan, Tai Boon and Mat Yusoff, Masni and Gholivand, Somayeh and Tan, Chin Ping (2025) Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios. International Food Research Journal, 32 (1). pp. 53-65. ISSN 1985-4668; eISSN: 2231-7546 http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/32%20(01)%202025/04%20-%20IFRJ24222.R1.pdf 10.47836/ifrj.32.1.04
spellingShingle Choy, Hew Weng
Teow, Shuh June
Khor, Yih Phing
Tan, Tai Boon
Mat Yusoff, Masni
Gholivand, Somayeh
Tan, Chin Ping
Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title_full Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title_fullStr Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title_full_unstemmed Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title_short Optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
title_sort optimisation and characterisation of red palm carotene-based microcapsules stabilised by rice protein isolate-flaxseed gum complex using various coating materials and core-to-wall ratios
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/121068/1/121068.pdf